Causes of 1995 eruptions Basic history of volcano
Details of eruption, effects of the eruption, immediate and long term responses.
Eruption Profile
Aid & efforts.
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3.11 Volcano case study - Montserrat
To evaluate the causes and effects of the Montserrat eruption and suggest sustainable ways to rebuild the island
Starter : Read the intro of the wikipedia page on Montserrat and take five notes of the features you find most relevant about this island.
Task 1 - Study the Google maps below and make three notes of the physical characteristics of the island of Montserrat.
Task 2 - Study the BBC bitesize case study in the textbox below and, on your exercise book, answer the questions that follow it. (Click to open)
Case study: Chances Peak, Montserrat, 1995-97 - an LEDC
Plymouth covered in ash from volcanic eruptions on Montserrat
Montserrat is a small island in the Caribbean. There is a volcanic area located in the south of the island on Soufriere Hills called Chances Peak . Before 1995 it had been dormant for over 300 years. In 1995 the volcano began to give off warning signs of an eruption (small earthquakes and eruptions of dust and ash). Once Chances Peak had woken up it then remained active for five years. The most intense eruptions occurred in 1997.
During this time, Montserrat was devastated by pyroclastic flows . The small population of the island (11,000 people) was evacuated in 1995 to the north of Montserrat as well as to neighbouring islands and the UK.
Despite the evacuations, 19 people were killed by the eruptions as a small group of people chose to stay behind to watch over their crops.
Volcanic eruptions and lahars have destroyed large areas of Montserrat. The capital, Plymouth, has been covered in layers of ash and mud. Many homes and buildings have been destroyed, including the only hospital, the airport and many roads.
The graphic shows the progress of the eruption and its impact on the island.
Montserrat - eruption progress and impact
Short-term responses and results
- Evacuation.
- Abandonment of the capital city.
- The British government gave money for compensation and redevelopment.
- Unemployment rose due to the collapse of the tourist industry.
Long-term responses and results
- An exclusion zone was set up in the volcanic region.
- A volcanic observatory was built to monitor the volcano.
- New roads and a new airport were built.
- Services in the north of the island were expanded.
- The presence of the volcano resulted in a growth in tourism.
Volcanic activity has calmed down in recent years and people have begun to return to the island.
You might be asked to consider the values and attitudes or opinions of people involved in the eruption, such as refugees or aid workers for example.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/geography/natural_hazards/volcanoes_rev6.shtml
https://www.bbc.com/bitesize/guides/zgh79qt/revision/6
Click here to view http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/A-level/AQA/Year%2013/Plate%20Tectonics/Extra_case_studies/Montserrat.htm As a precaution, Firefly only embeds content that has a certificate to prove it's sent over the web securely.
http://www.coolgeography.co.uk/A-level/AQA/Year%2013/Plate%20Tectonics/Extra_case_studies/Montserrat.htm
Questions : a. Define i. pyroclastic flows, ii. evacuated, iii. lahar b. Describe the short-term and long-term responses and results.
Task 3 - Watch the video below and complement your notes with additional information.
Task 4 - You have been asked to rebuild Montserrat following the volcanic eruption. You have been given £84,000 (£21,000 per year) to spend over 4 years but must make sure you spend it wisely and consider where to put your new facilities on your map. Your teacher will give you a copy of the document below:
- montserrat restructuring priorities SEN.docx
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- Montserrat Eruption Geography GCSE AQA Case Study
Montserrat Eruption Geography Gcse Aqa Case Study
by Emmalegend , Nov. 2014
Subjects: Montserrat Volcanic Eruption, AQA Geography GCSE, Case Study
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