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Presentation Timing: 5 Tips to Stay On Time and Avoid Audience Wrath
Were you happy about it? Or were you mad that they now put you behind for your next appointment? Or did you leave before they wrapped up?
In this article, we examine the importance of finishing on time and give 5 tips for staying within your time constraints.
Is finishing your presentation on time important?
In most situations, yes!
Always assume that your audience is busy (because they are).
Always assume that could have chosen other places to be (because they could have).
Always assume that they have something planned immediately after you finish (because they usually do).
Audiences get uneasy if you are approaching your time limit and you aren’t wrapping up.
- They start to consider walking out .
- They start to get nervous thinking about their next appointment , and how they may be late.
- They start wishing you’d wrap it up already.
- Most importantly, they stop listening to you!
Not only do you lose credibility with your audience and risk offending them, but you also lose the opportunity to make a strong conclusion because they either aren’t listening or they aren’t in the room!
Is it better to end early, or right on time?
If it’s really bad to finish over time, then one might assume that you should always try to end well under your allowed time. However, that’s not always good either.
If you finish your presentation considerably under time (e.g. 20 minutes early in a presentation scheduled for one hour), your audience may feel cheated, particularly if they paid to listen to you speak. They may feel that you promised 60 minutes of value, but only delivered 40.
For this reason, one safe rule of thumb is to speak for between 90-100% of your allowed time . So, if your presentation is planned for 60 minutes, you should speak at least 54 (or 55 for a nice round number). This ensures that your audience doesn’t “feel cheated”, but also ensures that you don’t go over time.
There are all sorts of exceptions to the above rule of thumb, so use your judgement and do what makes sense in your situation.
5 Steps To Keep Your Presentation Within Time
It’s really not that hard to finish your presentation on time. Just follow these five simple steps:
#1 — Know Your Allowed Time
Have you ever heard a speaker walking away from a venue muttering: “I thought I had longer”?
This is the result of poor communication between the speaker and the event organizer. Both the speaker and the event organizer end up looking bad in this scenario.
Make sure you are always aware of how long you have to speak. Verify with the event organizer before the event.
#2 — Plan Your Content and Edit as Necessary
For many speakers, the problem is not knowing how much time the audience is giving them. The problem is being unreasonable with how much they can say within that allotted time.
Most people overestimate how much material they can adequately cover within a given time. They want to “share everything” and “leave nothing back”. On the other hand, the wise presenter develops strong self-awareness about how long it takes to effectively deliver their message.
When you are planning, also consider:
- Q&A : Allow time for audience questions, either within your presentation or at the end.
- Activities : Allow adequate time for any planning audience activities or exercises. One of my challenges is that I tend to underestimate how long it takes to explain an activity and “break into groups” before the exercise even starts.
- Breaks : For longer presentations, budget time for breaks for stretching, bathroom visits, coffee, or meals. This all comes out of your allotted time. In a typical full-day (8-hour) training course, for example, you might only have 6 hours of instruction once you subtract out all of the breaks.
Cut mercilessly to make sure the material you intend to deliver can be delivered within your time constraints. It’s better to present the appropriate amount at a pace which the audience can absorb rather than whizzing through too much material so the audience grasps nothing.
#3 — Rehearse Effectively
Until you gain experience as a speaker, you may not be able to accurately gauge how much content fits within a given time. For example, how many pages would you write if delivering a 30 minute commencement address? How many case studies can you cover in a lunch-time seminar?
“ If you go over time while rehearsing, you’ve got to cut material. ”
The best way to measure how long it will take is to time yourself while you rehearse effectively:
- Rehearse standing up and speaking out loud . Don’t fall into the trap of thinking that you can just “whisper” your way through your slides while sitting in front of your computer. Your pace will be different while standing.
- Speak to a test audience , even if all you can arrange is one person. This eliminates the tendency to “practice within yourself” as some speakers do while rehearsing. Just one audience member forces you to make eye contact and look for audience feedback. It also simulates a bit of the pressure you may feel with a real audience. You can also get valuable feedback by asking “How was my pace? Did I go too fast?”
- Make it as close to the real thing as possible . If you’ll be using a presentation remote to advance your slides, then rehearse with one. If you’ll be moving around in the “real presentation”, then do so as you rehearse. If you can rehearse in the room where you’ll be presenting, do so. The more closely you can mimic the real thing, the better your time estimate will be.
- Make it a dress rehearsal . If I’m planning to wear a suit when presenting, I like to rehearse in one. For me, the act of dressing up creates the same nervous energy and tends to give me more accurate timing.
Rehearsing in this way allows you to accurately time your presentation under close-to-real circumstances. If you go over time while rehearsing, you’ve got to cut material.
#4 — Start on Time
How many times have you seen a presenter ask for “just 5 more minutes” at the end of a one-hour presentation, despite having started ten minutes late?
Do everything in your power to start on time. Arrive early, sort out your technology, and make sure everything is set to go when your time starts. Don’t waste a moment.
Your exact start time isn’t always within your control. For example, I know of one company where “lunch-time seminars” always start at 12:15. If you are invited to speak in this forum, you’ve got to know that. A thorough discussion with the event organizer should reveal this.
#5 — Measure Your Progress and Adjust
For short speeches (say, under 15 minutes), you can probably just launch into it and hit your end time target within reason (assuming you have rehearsed it).
For longer presentations, however, you can use a more strategic approach:
- As you rehearse your content, note how long it takes for each “block” of your presentation. (Get someone to time you if necessary.)
- 12:05 – Start presentation
- 12:15 – Introduction and case study introduced
- 12:30 – Case study and lessons learned complete
- 12:50 – Live demonstration complete
- 12:58 – Q&A complete. Applause.
- Write down these targets and have them with you as you present, perhaps on a small notepad by your water. (I do it with red pen and big letters.)
- As you reach the end of each “block”, check the clock . If you are running behind, you can adjust your pace. For example, if you are starting the live demonstration at 12:35, then you know you are 5 minutes behind, and you’ll have to cut planned material to “catch up.”
- If necessary, recruit an assistant with a watch to help you monitor your intermediate targets.
Speaking over your allowed time is disrespectful and will annoy at least some people in your audience. It’s a privilege to have their attention, whether it’s for 5 minutes or 5 hours. Don’t abuse it! End on time — every time.
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We’ve all been there. The speaker speaks for far longer than anyone expects and as an audience member you just sit there thinking “when will this end?” I’ve seen it time after time at public speaking clubs in particular.
It’s worth reinforcing that when you are speaking in front of an audience, it will always take longer to cover the same material adequately. That extra time is necessary to let the message sink in with a real, live audience. Rehearsal time can be misleading, so don’t get caught out!
I would love to share this with clients. Your 5 minutes is not the same as mine, just make sure you finish on time. Great read!
this is great advise ur really smart dude keep doing you
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5 Tips to Stay On Time and Avoid Audience Wrath http://t.co/6es9Vmug — Presenting Away Dec 19th, 2012
Presentation timing: 5 tips to avoid audience wrath http://t.co/Dw4Je0rz — Diane Dec 21st, 2012
recommend reading for presenters at conferences http://t.co/LfnlikwXp6 — @tweetsimon Jul 7th, 2014
@VMart speaks the truth! 5 tips to keep yourself on time and your audience happy. http://t.co/SWeQFQEcDE #AFS145 https://t.co/bxbn7wDSjQ — @pseanmc Aug 19th, 2015
[email protected] Andrew! I just read your article on speech timing, so great! Also giving it to my students to read ~ https://t.co/JzheERLxNz — @JacksonHoleRose Oct 25th, 2015
Presentation Timing: 5 Tips to Stay On Time and Avoid Audience Wrath https://t.co/qjXmwcjwZ4 by @6minutes — Sleiman Skaf (@SleimanSkaf) Apr 20th, 2016
#TuesdayTips Good tips by @6minutes about keeping your presentation within the allotted time. https://t.co/Rk2GtzReRv — PitchVantage (@pitchvantage) Jul 26th, 2016
There is nothing worse than when speakers go on and on and on . . . https://t.co/XZVnTmNvHO — @speakers4change Oct 5th, 2016
#DMCIT Might be of interest for the upcoming presentations. https://t.co/oeGhqqc5F8 — @Zeet66 Nov 1st, 2016
Of course, you don’t want to go way under time, but, in my opinion, it’s much better than going over time. I like… https://t.co/4FPFvPxB6R — @justineldees Oct 28th, 2018
4 Blog Links
OTR Links 12/04/2012 « doug – off the record — Dec 3rd, 2012
How do you stay on time when presenting? Here are 5 tips… « Presenter News — Dec 4th, 2012
Fresh Links Sundae from David Lowe of Actionable ITSM | Actionable ITSM — Dec 9th, 2012
Tips & Tricks | Клуб "Слайд-шоу" — Jan 23rd, 2013
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How to Effectively Manage Time During a Presentation? Short and Long Ones!
How many slides are suitable for finishing a presentation on time.
The general rule says 1 to 2 slides per minute. However, it is critical to note that the presentation’s number of slides will vary according to the topic complexity, audience, available time, presentation structure and format, and goal. Good planning, rehearsal, and delivery skills are essential!
To be more specific, if you have too many slides in a presentation at the range of 3 to 15 minutes, you will end up confusing your audience or spending a significant part of your time explaining the slides. It does not mean you have to prepare a lot of information and squeeze it into few slides, and the best practice is to summarize your content to understand it easily.
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It all starts with planning, researching, organizing all the collected data, prioritizing your key points, and making a structure. After this exercise, it will be easier to know how many slides you will have according to your given time.
How many Slides for a 3-minute Presentation?
A good practice for a 3 minutes presentation is to keep it clean and straightforward. Keep in mind that slides are more engaging with visuals rather than texts. And on your speech, be as brief as possible, make a 15 to 20 seconds introduction, and do the same on the conclusion.
How many Slides for a 5-minute Presentation?
How many slides for a 10-minute presentation .
The Rule of Thumb for a 10-minute presentation is having 10-12 slides. Presenters with good skills use up to 30 seconds per slide to keep it nice and engaging. This time frame is suitable for elaborately introducing the subject or topic, diving deep into it, and highlighting the key points.
How many Slides for a 20-minute Presentation?
In some cases, each slide has a different theme, and you will need to approach them differently. Having different themes per slide will require you to summarize each slide’s content in under a minute.
How many Slides for a 25-minute Presentation?
In this given time frame, you now have the opportunity to interact more with the audience, start with a quote, let them raise some clarification questions, and get more involved with them.
How many Slides for a 30-minute Presentation?
Using this method, you will spend 1-2 seconds per slide, and the audience will understand way better seeing the visual (which counts more than text). The explanation is gradual from the beginning to the end.
How many Slides for a 45-minute presentation?
How many slides for an hour presentation.
Experts recommend 30 to 60 slides for a 60-minutes presentation. This period of time gives the speaker two main options: summarize the content in 30 slides or make a structure that allows one theme per slide. These two options also give more time to interact with the audience make a great introduction and conclusion.
How many Slides for a 90-minute Presentation?
How many slides for a two-hour presentation, how many slides for 2+ hours presentations, what are the skills needed to deliver long presentations or speeches.
For long presentations, several skills are required to ensure successful delivery, such as:
How to keep time in your presentation?
Planning is also crucial to keep time on your presentation. The main thing in the plan to deliver your message is the structure of your content. A good structure will allow you to know how much time you will spend on each point.
Why do people usually fail to finish a presentation within the stipulated time?
Not setting time for each session of your presentation also makes you not finish on time. This mistake will cause you to take longer at one point or another, especially if you don’t have a clock to keep track of the time.
How to keep your Presentation Brief and Clear
For More Tips on Designing and Nailing a Presentation, open the recommended articles below.
Designing a Killer Presentation in 8 Steps
What makes a great presenter 9 key qualities to look for, want to stand out 15 key tips for an awesome presentation.
Presentation skills are often taken for granted, and developing and practicing these skills will give you a huge advantage. There is nothing less engaging than a dispassionate speaker flipping through
This example shows that you can follow the standards and still have a successful presentation. the main thing you have to do, is a good planning, a good structure, and make your content brief and clear, that will help them understand and enjoy your presentation
https://www.soappresentations.com/how-many-slides-should-be-used-for-a-60-minute-presentation/
How Many Slides to Use For a 5, 10, 15+ Minute Presentation (tutsplus.com)
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10 Timing Tips For Successful Presentations

Here’s a question for you: would you consider a presentation successful if the speaker went beyond the allotted time? It may have been a good presentation, but because of the delay, it caused you to be late for some other important appointment. My guess is, you’d say “no.” Because that would be my answer too. The truth is that timing in presentations should always be observed. If you want to know more, do continue reading this post as I give you 10 timing tips for successful presentations.
Timing Tips To Help You Succeed As A Presenter

Photo by Aron Visuals on Unsplash
I’m sure many of you have sat in presentations where the speaker rambled on and on, and seemingly forgot about the time. Or perhaps technical problems cropped up and inadvertently cut into the speaker’s allotted time.
Some factors may be outside your control – no one should blame you for this. But knowing how to manage your time during your presentation will definitely help you win your audience over. So, here are 6 tips for better time management in presentations:
Tip #1: Know your time limits
One of the first things you need to determine is how long your presentation is going to run for. This is because a 10-minute presentation will need to be prepared differently than a 30-minute one.
Generally, longer presentations need more preparation. If you fail to prepare accordingly, then you run the risk of running out of things to say! You can most likely ‘wing’ a 10-minute presentation, but not a lengthy one. (I don’t recommend winging any presentation no matter how short it is.)
Tip #2: Presentation time vs talking time
Your talking time is different from your presentation time. If your presentation is supposed to be for 30 minutes, it doesn’t necessarily mean you’re going to talk for 30 minutes straight. Depending on the nature of your presentation, you may need to allocate 10 minutes for a Q&A session. To be on the safe side, you should check with the presentation organizers and see how many minutes should be allotted for questions.
Tip #3: When is the actual presentation?
This might seem common sense, but I’ve heard stories of presenters totally forgetting when their presentation date is! Or perhaps they knew all along, but totally underestimated the scope of the presentation topic. They thought they could spend a mere 5-6 hours for preparation, but it wasn’t enough. So, they end up with a basic copy-and-paste job. I find it very disrespectful when the speaker makes it painfully obvious they didn’t prepare for the ‘big day.’
Use Google Calendar to prepare for your presentation
Create an event in your calendar to make sure you don’t forget. You can use a traditional calendar. But I personally find an online calendar like Google’s is better suited for the job. I’ve enabled Google Calendar to send me desktop and phone notifications, so I never miss an event.
For instance, if you’ve got a presentation scheduled 2 weeks from now, you can add a daily reminder. In the screenshot below, you can see I’ve added “Presentation day!” as an event on June 28 th .

Since this is still a couple of weeks away, I wanted to get a daily reminder from June 16 th until June 27 th . So, I added another event and set up a custom daily reminder for these dates.

Here’s an updated view of my calendar:

As you can see above, I’ll get a notification every single day until the day of my presentation. I find a daily reminder can get really annoying which prods me into doing some actual work, just so I can finally turn off the pesky notifications! Try this method and see if this works for you!
Tip #4: Figure out the number of slides needed
Trying to determine the right amount of slides for a presentation is tricky. Ask one person and they may say 1 slide per minute. Another person may say 1 slide per 2 minutes. Ask Guy Kawasaki and he’ll tell you to follow the 10/20/30 rule – 10 slides, 20 minutes, 30-point font. All of them are right, but truly it depends on the nature of your presentation.
Personally, I’d go for whatever feels right. You can gloss over some slides but spend 80% of your time on a couple of slides. This is where the next point comes into play. It shouldn’t technically matter how many slides you use as long as you make everything fit within your allotted time.
Tip #5: Time your slides
One of the best timing tips for successful presentations is to figure out how many minutes you’re going to spend on each slide. As I mentioned in the previous point, you don’t need to spend a uniform number of minutes per slide. Some slides may only take you a few seconds, others may take several minutes. As you go through each slide take note of how long each one is going to take.
You can use your phone’s stopwatch app for this. Tap on the ‘lap’ button once you finish a slide. The idea is to have each lap correspond to one slide, so you can figure out how long each slide takes. So, if you have 50 slides, then you should record 50 laps on your mobile phone. It’s a pretty simple but effective way to time your slides.
One trick to making sure you’re timing your slides properly is by delivering your presentation like you would on presentation day – by doing it verbally ! This means practicing your entire speech and actually saying it out loud. If you just say the words in your head, then you could mistime your presentation. After all, we do read faster in our minds.
The key to speaking, however, is by speaking normally. Don’t rush your speech just because “it’s just a rehearsal.” Speak like you would on presentation day.
Another thing you need to consider is that when you actually deliver a verbal rehearsal, then you can also time your pauses. Every pause counts. In addition to helping you rest for a bit, you can also use pauses to emphasize certain points. The right pause can help build momentum and make the crowd sit on the very edge of their seats!
Tip #6: Create a schedule
Creating a schedule is especially important for lengthy presentations. Some presentations can last for hours. So, it’s best to pace yourself and your slides so you don’t run out of things to say during the second half of your presentation!
Let’s say you need to give a 2-hour presentation. Depending on the subject, you may feel like 2 hours isn’t going to do the topic justice, or you may think the opposite. That is, you don’t know enough to flesh out the content and 2 hours is far, far too long! Whatever the case may be, you can certainly benefit from scheduling your presentation.
First off, you need to do your research on the topic so you can create sub-categories or sub-topics. Then you can say Part I of the presentation should be about sub-topic A. Part II is for sub-topic B, and so on. If you’ve got 120 minutes for your presentation, then you can divide that time with the number of sub-topics. So, if you’ve got 4 parts or 4 sub-topics, you can schedule your presentation as follows:
First part: Sub-topic A (30 minutes)
Second part: Sub-topic B (30 minutes)
Third part: Sub-topic C (30 minutes)
Fourth part: Sub-topic D (30 minutes)
The best thing is you don’t need to allocate equal minutes to each part. If you think Sub-topic A needs more time than Sub-topic B, then you can add more minutes to Sub-topic A. You’re free to schedule your presentation as you like. The point is that you can better organize and time your presentation using this system.
Tip #7: Always have a Plan B
Even the best laid plans can go awry. No matter how well-prepared you are, there are external factors beyond your control. For example, you may suddenly find yourself with more or less time than initially assigned for your talk. The previous speaker may have gotten carried away and used up 10 or 15 minutes of your timeslot.
So, now you’ve got less time to spend on your presentation. You’ve prepared for a 30-minute speech, and all of a sudden the organizer tells you that you unfortunately have only 20 minutes for your slot.
You’d probably feel a bit of relief if you didn’t come well prepared, but if you did, you’d be upset. So what do you do now? Well, this is why it’s important to always have a Plan B when it comes to presentations.
If push comes to shove and your worst fears are realized, then you should know that it’s not the end of the world. Here’s how you can prepare for the worst case scenarios:
Put the most important information upfront
If you’re a fan of saving the best for last, then you may not like this advice. However, if you want a Plan B, then you should definitely consider putting the most important information at the beginning of your presentation. This way, if your time gets shortened, then you’ve shared what you came to say.
Send an email with missed points
Some things in life are unavoidable. Your presentation’s cut short. You’ve got a lot more important details you’re not able to share with your audience. In cases like these, you can tell them you’ll send an email summary of your presentation which includes the missed points.
Your audience will greatly appreciate your initiative. Just make sure you don’t tell them before or during your speech. Otherwise, they may stop listening to you. Instead, tell them about the email once you wrap up your – shortened – presentation.
Have a handout ready
Not all presentations can benefit from a handout, but if you think your audience needs one, then you should definitely prepare one. It becomes even more important in Plan B scenarios.
Instead of panicking about your lack of time, you can go about doing your presentation as usual (remember to put the most important info at the beginning). Then you can ask the audience to check the handout to read up on the rest of the presentation.
Tip #8: Pick mid-morning slot for best results
According to this article , the best time to do a PowerPoint presentation is mid-morning, that’s around 10am. This is when people are supposed to be at their sharpest and would be more likely to listen and retain the information they receive.
Too early in the morning and you’d probably get people dozing off in the meeting. Afternoon presentations aren’t so hot either as people’s minds tend to wander to what they’re going to do later on in the day.
But of course, this is not set in stone. You, as the presenter, know your audience best. For people who work a normal shift, that is, 8am to 5pm, 10am is a great time for presentations. However, if your audience mainly works on the night shift, then obviously, 10am is a bad idea. The point is that you need to choose a time that will work best with your audience. For regular folks, that usually falls around the 10am mark.
Tip #9: Use an onstage timer
Going beyond your allotted presentation time can lead to people getting restless. You may also annoy the next presenter because you’re cutting into his presentation minutes. This is why you must always be aware of how much time you have left.
But, and there’s always a but, don’t make it obvious that you’re looking at the time. If you’re sitting in the audience, how would you feel if the presenter blatantly looks at his watch during the presentation? You’d probably feel like the presentation is rushed, or worse, you’d feel disrespected.
Here’s a video of former US president, George W Bush, looking down at his watch during a debate. It’s not exactly a presentation per se, but the same rules still apply. Now, tell me, how would you feel if you were in the audience?
If there’s no clock at the back of the room, don’t panic. I’m sure you’ve got a smartphone on your person at all times. Whether you use an iPhone or an Android device, you’ll find a speech timer that you can use to help keep you on track.
For iPhone users, SpeakerClock and Toastmaster Timer are two apps worth looking into. For Android users, Speech Timer and Toastmasters Timer seem like good choices.
Tip #10: Spend most of your time preparing your content and practicing your speech, NOT designing slides
Yes, that’s right. You don’t need to spend several hours designing your slides. In fact, you shouldn’t even want to, in the first place. That’s what templates are for! Whether you’re using PowerPoint, Keynote, Google Slides or any other presentation software for that matter, you can use our free PowerPoint templates for your needs!
Check out this screenshot of Business Roadmap , a professionally-designed and 100% free template from 24Slides:

Did These 10 Timing Tips For Successful Presentations Help You Out?
I sure hope you learned something new in this article. Following a strict timing schedule during rehearsal and your actual presentation are two keys to being a successful speaker. You’ll not only position yourself as an expert presenter who provides tons of value to the audience, but also as someone who respects people’s time.
You might also find this interesting: How To Design A Professional Presentation That Will Amaze Your Audience
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- 1. Time Presentation about time
- 2. Outline <ul><li>- Time Introduction </li></ul><ul><li>- History of Time Measurement Device </li></ul><ul><li>- World Time </li></ul><ul><li>- Time Zone </li></ul><ul><li>- Greenwich Mean Time </li></ul><ul><li>- Time Management </li></ul>
- 3. Time Introduction <ul><li>Time is a part of measuring system used to sequence events , to compare the durations of events and intervals between them , and to quantify rates of change such as the motions of objects . </li></ul>
- 4. Time Introduction <ul><li>Time is one of the seven fundamental physical quantities in the International System of Units , it also used to define other quantities - such as velocity - so defining time in terms of such quantities would result in circularity of definition. </li></ul>
- 5. History of time measurement devices <ul><li>“ Horizontal sundial” : </li></ul><ul><li>An Egyptian device dating to 1500 BC, similar in shape to a bent T-square , measured the passage of time from the shadow cast by its crossbar on a nonlinear rule. </li></ul>
- 6. History of time measurement devices <ul><li>The Hourglasses : </li></ul><ul><li>The Hourglasses uses to flow of sand to measure the flow of time . </li></ul>
- 7. History of time measurement devices <ul><li>A pocket watch is a watch that is made to be carried in a pocket. </li></ul><ul><li>They were the most common type of watch from their development in the 16th century until wristwatches became popular . </li></ul>
- 8. History of time measurement devices <ul><li>A watch is a small timepiece, typically worn either on the wrist or attached on a chain . </li></ul><ul><li>They evolved in the 17th century from spring powered clocks, which appeared in the 15th century. </li></ul>
- 9. World Time <ul><li>Time keeping is so critical to the functioning of modern societies that it is coordinated at an international level. The basis for scientific time is a continuous count of seconds based on atomic clocks around the world, known as the International Atomic Time . </li></ul>
- 10. Time Zone <ul><li>A time zone is a region on Earth that has a uniform standard time for legal, commercial, and social purposes. In order for the same clock time to always correspond to the same portion of the day as the Earth rotates (for example, the sun being at its highest point every day around noon) . </li></ul>
- 11. Greenwich Mean Time <ul><li>Greenwich Mean Time is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. </li></ul><ul><li>it’s especially used by bodies connected with the United Kingdom, such as the BBC World Service, the Royal Navy, the Met Office and others. </li></ul>
- 12. Time Management <ul><li>Time management is the act or process of exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on specific activities, especially to increase efficiency or productivity. it may be aided by a range of skills, tools, and techniques used to manage time . </li></ul>
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Home Blog Education Presentation Skills 101: A Guide to Presentation Success
Presentation Skills 101: A Guide to Presentation Success
Getting the perfect presentation design is just a step toward a successful presentation. For the experienced user, building presentation skills is the answer to elevating the power of your message and showing expertise on any subject. Still, one can ask: is it the same set of skills, or are they dependable on the type of presentation?
In this article, we will introduce the different types of presentations accompanied by the skillset required to master them. The purpose, as always, is to retain the audience’s interest for a long-lasting and convincing message.

Table of Contents
The importance of Presentation Skills
Persuasive presentations, instructional presentations, informative presentations, inspirational presentations, basic presentation skills, recommendations to improve your presentation skills, closing statement.
Effective communication is the answer to reaching business and academic goals. The scenarios in which we can be required to deliver a presentation are as diverse as one can imagine. Still, some core concepts apply to all presentations.
We define presentation skills as a compendium of soft skills that directly affect your presentation performance. These are not qualities acquired by birth but skills you ought to train and master to delve into professional environments.
You may ask: is it really that evident when a presenter is not prepared? Here are some common signs people can experience during presentations:
- Evasive body language: Not making eye contact with the audience, arms closed tightly to the body, hands in pockets all the time.
- Lack of interest in the presenter’s voice: dull tone, not putting an effort to articulate the topics.
- Doubting when asked to answer a question
- Irksome mood
The list can go on about common presenter mistakes , and most certainly, it will affect the performance of any presented data if the lack of interest by the presenter is blatantly obvious. Another element to consider is anxiety, and according to research by the National Institute of Mental Health, 73% of the population in the USA is affected by glossophobia , which is the fear of public speaking, judgment, or negative evaluation by other people.
Therefore, presentation skills training is essential for any business professional who wants to achieve effective communication . It will remove the anxiety from presentation performance and help users effectively deliver their message and connect with the audience.
Archetypes of presentations
Persuasive presentations aim to convince the audience – often in short periods – to acquire a product or service, adhere to a cause, or invest in a company. For business entrepreneurs or politicians, persuasive presentations are their tool for the trade.
Unless you aim to be perceived as an imposter, a proper persuasive presentation has the elements of facts, empathy, and logic, balanced under a well-crafted narrative. The central pillar of these presentations is to identify the single factor that gathered your audience: it could be a market need, a social cause, or a revolutionary concept for today’s society. It has to be something with enough power to gather critiques – both good and bad.
That single factor has to be backed up by facts. Research that builds your hypothesis on how to solve that problem. A deep understanding of the target audience’s needs , concerns, and social position regarding the solution your means can offer. When those elements are in place, building a pitch becomes an easy task.
Graphics can help you introduce information in a compelling format, lowering the need for lengthy presentations. Good presentation skills for persuasive presentations go by the hand of filtering relevant data and creating the visual cues that resonate with what your audience demands.
One powerful example of persuasive presentations is the technique known as the elevator pitch. You must introduce your idea or product convincingly to the audience in a timeframe between 30 seconds and less than 2 minutes. You have to expose:
- What do you do
- What’s the problem to solve
- Why is your solution different from others
- Why should the audience care about your expertise

For that very purpose, using engaging graphics with contrasting colors elevate the potential power of your message. It speaks professionalism, care for details, and out-of-the-box thinking. Knowing how to end a presentation is also critical, as your CTAs should be placed with care.
Therefore, let’s resume the requirements of persuasive presentations in terms of good presentation skills:
- Identifying problems and needs
- Elaborating “the hook” (the element that grabs the audience’s attention)
- Knowing how to “tie” your audience (introducing a piece of information related to the hook that causes an emotional impact)
- Broad knowledge of body language and hand gestures to quickly convey your message
- Being prepared to argue a defense of your point of view
- Handling rejection
- Having a proactive attitude to convert opportunities into new projects
- Using humor, surprise, or personal anecdotes as elements to sympathize with the audience
- Having confidence
- Be able to summarize facts and information in visually appealing ways

You can learn more about persuasive presentation techniques by clicking here .
In the case of instructional presentations, we ought to differentiate two distinctive types:
- Lecture Presentations : Presentations being held at universities or any other educative institution. Those presentations cover, topic by topic, the contents of a syllabus and are created by the team of teachers in charge of the course.
- Training Presentations : These presentations take place during in-company training sessions and usually comprise a good amount of content that is resumed into easy-to-take solutions. They are aimed to coach employees over certain topics relevant to their work performance. The 70-20-10 Model is frequently used to address these training situations.
Lecture presentations appeal to the gradual introduction of complex concepts, following a structure set in the course’s syllabus. These presentations often have a similar aesthetic as a group of professors or researchers created to share their knowledge about a topic. Personal experience does tell that course presentations often rely on factual data, adequately documented, and on the theoretical side.
An example of a presentation that lies under this concept is a Syllabus Presentation, used by the teaching team to introduce the subject to new students, evaluation methods, concepts to be learned, and expectations to pass the course.

On the other hand, training presentations are slide decks designed to meet an organization’s specific needs in the formal education of their personnel. Commonly known as “continuous education,” plenty of companies invest resources in coaching their employees to achieve higher performance results. These presentations have the trademark of being concise since their idea is to introduce the concepts that shall be applied in practice sessions.
Ideally, the training presentations are introduced with little text and easy-to-recognize visual cues. Since the idea is to summarize as much as possible, these are visually appealing for the audience. They must be dynamic enough to allow the presenter to convey the message.

Those key takeaways remind employees when they revisit their learning resources and allow them to ruminate on questions that fellow workers raise.
To sum up this point, building presentation skills for instructional presentations require:
- Ability to put complex concepts into simpler words
- Patience and a constant learning mindset
- Voice training to deliver lengthy speeches without being too dense
- Ability to summarize points and note the key takeaways
- Empathizing with the audience to understand their challenges in the learning process

The informative presentations take place in business situations, such as when to present project reports from different departments to the management. Another potential usage of these presentations is in SCRUM or other Agile methodologies, when a sprint is completed, to discuss the advance of the project with the Product Owner.
As they are presentations heavily dependent on data insights, it’s common to see the usage of infographics and charts to express usually dense data in simpler terms and easy to remember.

Informative presentations don’t just fall into the business category. Ph.D. Dissertation and Thesis presentations are topics that belong to the informative presentations category as they condense countless research hours into manageable reports for the academic jury.

Since these informational presentations can be perceived as lengthy and data-filled, it is important to learn the following professional presentation skills:
- Attention to detail
- Be able to explain complex information in simpler terms
- Creative thinking
- Powerful diction
- Working on pauses and transitions
- Pacing the presentation, so not too much information is divulged per slide

The leading inspirational platform, TEDx, comes to mind when talking about inspirational presentations. This presentation format has the peculiarity of maximizing the engagement with the audience to divulge a message, and due to that, it has specific requirements any presenter must meet.
This presentation format usually involves a speaker on a stage, either sitting or better standing, in which the presenter engages with the audience with a storytelling format about a life experience, a job done that provided a remarkable improvement for society, etc.

Empathizing with the audience is the key ingredient for these inspirational presentations. Still, creativity is what shapes the outcome of your performance as people are constantly looking for different experiences – not the same recipe rephrased with personal touches. The human factor is what matters here, way above data and research. What has your experience to offer to others? How can it motivate another human being to pursue a similar path or discover their true calling?
To achieve success in terms of communication skills presentation, these inspirational presentations have the following requirements:
- Focus on the audience (engage, consider their interests, and make them a part of your story)
- Putting ego aside
- Creative communication skills
- Storytelling skills
- Body language knowledge to apply the correct gestures to accompany your story
- Voice training
- Using powerful words

After discussing the different kinds of presentations we can come across at any stage of our lives, a group of presentation skills is standard in any type of presentation. See below which skills you must count on to succeed as a presenter.
Punctuality
Nothing says more about respect for your audience and the organization you represent than delivering the presentation on time . Arriving last minute puts pressure on the tech team behind audiovisuals, as they don’t have enough preparation to test microphones, stage lights, and projector settings. Even when discussing presentations hosted in small rooms for a reduced audience, testing the equipment becomes essential.
A solution for this is to arrive at least 30 minutes early. Ideally, one hour is a sweet spot since the AV crew has time to check the gear and requirements for your presentation. Another benefit of this, for example, in inspirational presentations, is measuring the previous presenter’s impact on the audience. This gives insights about how to resonate with the public, their interest, and how to accommodate your presentation for maximum impact.
Body Language
Our bodies can make emotions transparent for others, even when we are unaware of such a fact. Proper training for body language skills reduces performance anxiety, giving the audience a sense of expertise about the presented topic.
Give your presentation and the audience the respect they deserve by watching over these potential mistakes:
- Turning your back to the audience for extended periods : It’s okay to do so when introducing an important piece of information or explaining a graph, but it is considered rude to give your back to the audience constantly.
- Fidgeting : We are all nervous in the presence of strangers, even more if we are the center of attention for that moment. Instead of playing with your hair or making weird hand gestures, take a deep breath to center yourself before the presentation and remember that everything you could do to prepare is already done. Trust your instincts and give your best.
- Intense eye contact : Have you watched a video where the presenter stared at the camera the entire time? That’s the feeling you transmit to spectators through intense eye contact. It’s a practice often used by politicians to persuade.
- Swearing : This is a no-brainer. Even when you see influencers swearing on camera or in podcasts or live presentations, it is considered informal and lousy practice for business and academic situations. If you have a habit to break when it comes to this point, find the humor in these situations and replace your swear words with funny alternatives (if the presentation allows for it).
Your voice is a powerful tool for exposing your ideas and feelings . Your voice can articulate the message you are telling, briefing the audience if you feel excited about what you are sharing or, in contrast, if you feel the presentation is a burden you ought to complete.
Remember, passion is a primary ingredient in convincing people. Therefore, transmitting such passion with a vibrant voice may help gather potential business partners’ interest.
But what if you feel sick prior to the presentation? If, by chance, your throat is sore minutes before setting foot on the stage, try this: when introducing yourself, mention that you are feeling a bit under the weather. This resonates with the audience to pay more attention to your efforts. In case you don’t feel comfortable about that, ask the organizers for a cup of tea, as it will settle your throat and relax your nerves.
Tech Skills
Believe it or not, people still feel challenged by technology these days. Maybe that’s the reason why presentation giants like Tony Robbins opt not to use PowerPoint presentations . The reality is that there are plenty of elements involved in a presentation that can go wrong from the tech side:
- A PDF not opening
- Saving your presentation in a too-recent PowerPoint version
- A computer not booting up
- Mac laptops and their never-ending compatibility nightmare
- Not knowing how to change between slides
- Not knowing how to use a laser pointer
- Internet not working
- Audio not working
We can come up with a pretty long list of potential tech pitfalls, and yet most than half of them fall in presenters not being knowledgeable about technology.
If computers aren’t your thing, let the organization know about this beforehand. There is always a crew member available to help presenters to switch between slides or configure the presentation for streaming. This takes the pressure off your shoulders, allowing you to concentrate on the content to present. Remember, even Bill Gates can get a BSOD during a presentation .
In this section, we gathered some tips that can certainly make an impact if applied to your presentation skills. We believe these skills can be cultivated to transform into habits for your work routine.
Tip #1: Build a narrative
One memorable way to guarantee presentation success is by writing a story of all the points you desire to cover. This statement is based on the logic behind storytelling and its power to connect with people .
Don’t lose time memorizing slides or reading your presentation to the audience. It feels unnatural, and any question that diverts from the topic in discussion certainly puts you in jeopardy or, worse, exposes you as a fraud in the eyes of the audience. And before you ask, it is really evident when a presenter has a memorized speech.
Build and rehearse the presentation as if telling a story to a group of interested people. Lower the language barrier by avoiding complex terms that maybe even you aren’t fully aware of their meaning. Consider the ramifications of that story, what it could lead to, and which are the opportunities to explore. Then, visualize yourself giving the presentation in a natural way.
Applying this technique makes the presentation feel like second nature to you. It broadens the spectrum in which you can show expertise over a topic or even build the bases for new interesting points of view about the project.
Tip #2: Don’t talk for more than 3 minutes per slide
It is a common practice of presenters to bombard the audience with facts and information whilst retaining the same slide on the screen. Why can this happen? It could be because the presenter condensed the talk into very few slides and preferred to talk. The reality is that your spectators won’t retain the information you are giving unless you give visual cues to help that process.
Opt to prepare more slides and pace your speech to match the topics shown on each slide. Don’t spend more than 3 minutes per slide unless you have to introduce a complex piece of data. Use visual cues to direct the spectators about what you talk about, and summarize the principal concepts discussed at the end of each section.
Tip #3: Practice meditation daily
Anxiety is the number one enemy of professional presenters. It slowly builds without you being aware of your doubts and can hinder your performance in multiple ways: making you feel paralyzed, fidgeting, making you forget language skills or concepts, affecting your health, etc.
Meditation is an ancient practice taken from Buddhist teachings that train your mind to be here in the present. We often see the concepts of meditation and mindfulness as synonyms, whereas you should be aware that meditation is a practice that sets the blocks to reach a state of mindfulness. For presenters, being in the here and now is essential to retain focus, but meditation techniques also teach us to control our breathing and be in touch with our body signals when stress builds up.
The customary practice of meditation has an impact on imagination and creativity but also helps to build patience – a skill much needed for connecting with your audience in instructional presentations.
Having the proper set of presentation skills can be quite subjective. It goes beyond presentation tips and deepens into how flexible we can be in our ability to communicate ideas.
Different presentations and different audiences shape the outcome of our efforts. Therefore, having a basic understanding of how to connect, raise awareness, and empathize with people can be key ingredients for your career as a presenter. A word of advice: success doesn’t happen overnight. It takes dedication and patience to build communication skills . Don’t condition your work to believe you will be ready “someday”; it’s best to practice and experience failure as part of the learning process.

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How to Insert a Clock in PowerPoint
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Constantly glancing at a clock on a wall or at your watch to keep up with the time can be distracting and possibly come off as rude during a presentation. Keep your eyes on the presentation and remain focused by inserting a clock in your presentation.
Inserting a Clock in PowerPoint
There are a couple of ways to go about doing this. The first is using a built-in PowerPoint function that allows you to unobtrusively show the time and date in the presentation. This method isn’t a live method and only updates the time/date once you switch slides during the presentation. It’s mostly handy if you want to keep an eye on the time.
The second method is adding a live clock, downloadable from several different third-party websites. Using this method allows you to show real-time updates during the presentation—not only when you switch slides. It’s probably best used when you want to keep your audience’s eyes on the presentation.
PowerPoint’s Built-in Function
To use PowerPoint’s built-in function, go ahead and open the PowerPoint presentation we will be working with and head over to the “Insert” tab.
Here, find the “Text” section and select “Date & Time.”
Once selected, the “Header and Footer” window will appear. Here, check the box next to “Date and time” and select “Update automatically.” This will allow the date and time to update each time you change slides. Now, select the arrow next to the displayed date.
This will bring up several different date/time variations for you to choose from. Select the one you like best to use in your presentation. In this example, we’ll use the third option from the bottom, which shows the hour, minute, and second on a 24-hour clock.
If you’d like to leave this off of the title slide, simply check the box next to “Don’t show on title slide.” Once you’re ready, click “Apply to all” to insert the clock on all your slides.
You’ll now see date/time variation you selected appear at the bottom left of the presentation. The time and date that appears is the same as your system’s clock, so make sure it’s set correctly.
Using Online Flash Clocks for PowerPoint
As we said earlier, several different websites provide flash-based clocks that you can use for your presentation. We’ll be using a clock downloaded from Flash-Clocks in this example, but feel free to browse around and find a website you like, as the basic premise for making this work is the same.
Head over to the Flash-Clocks website and make sure to have Adobe Flash Player enabled. Once you’re there, you’ll find a large gallery of different clocks to choose from, ranging from analog to digital, and even antique. Choose the type you’d like to use. We’ll be taking a look at the digital options.
Browse through the large gallery of available clocks and find one you like. Once you find one, click the “HTML Tag Code” link found above the clock.
Here, you’ll find the embed code. Highlight and copy everything from http:// through .swf, as shown in the image below.
Head over to the address bar, paste the code, and then press “Enter.” If you’re using Chrome, you’ll receive a message telling you that this type of file can harm your computer. Since this is from a trusted website, you’re safe to go ahead and click “Keep.” This will download the .swf (Shockwave Flash Object) file to your computer.
To insert the file in PowerPoint, simply drag and drop. Similar to when you embed a YouTube video, you will only see a black box at first. That’s fine, as you will see the live clock during the presentation. Go ahead and resize and re-position the clock.
Once you’re happy with its size and position, copy and paste the box in each slide of the presentation.
Now once you play your presentation, the clock will appear in real-time!
Though this option may stand out a little more, this will allow you to have a real-time display of the current time throughout the entire presentation.
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Time Management Presentation PPT & PDF Download
Time Management PowerPoint Presentation with Introduction PPT & PDF Download Free
In this post, we will provide you with a Powerpoint Presentation on Time Management. You can find a PPT and PDF on Time Management by the end of this post.

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Time Management Presentation
Time Management is a systematic process of organizing and planning how to divide your time into different activities. It is important in any project management because it determines the project completion time and scope.
Time Management can help individual to accomplish their tasks effectively and efficiently. Also, it can add discipline and productivity to the life of the person and help them to achieve their goals.
Time Management not only makes the person work smarter but also gets more done in less time . The highest achievers manage their time exceptionally well. Whether you take the example of the greatest leaders and entrepreneurs, they all have one thing in common- proper time management.
Time Management Strategies
There are some important aspects one can keep in mind to make the time management process more effective. Therefore, by using the below strategies, one can effectively manage their time.

- Knowing how you spend your time.
- Set Priorities.
- Use a Planning Tool.
- Get Organized.
- Schedule Appropriately.
- Delegate: Get Help from Others.
- Stop Procrastinating.
- Manage Time-Wasters.
- Avoid Multi-tasking.
- Staying Healthy
Download Time Management PPT
You can download the Powerpoint Presentation and PDF on Time Management by clicking on the download buttons given below.
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Time Management
Planning and controlling how much time to spend on specific activities
A Brief Guide to Time Management
Time management is the process of planning and controlling how much time to spend on specific activities. Good time management enables an individual to complete more in a shorter period of time, lowers stress, and leads to career success .

Benefits of Time Management
The ability to manage your time effectively is important. Good time management leads to improved efficiency and productivity, less stress, and more success in life. Here are some benefits of managing time effectively:
1. Stress relief
Making and following a task schedule reduces anxiety. As you check off items on your “to-do” list, you can see that you are making tangible progress. This helps you avoid feeling stressed out with worry about whether you’re getting things done.
2. More time
Good time management gives you extra time to spend in your daily life. People who can time-manage effectively enjoy having more time to spend on hobbies or other personal pursuits.
3. More opportunities
Managing time well leads to more opportunities and less time wasted on trivial activities. Good time management skills are key qualities that employers look for. The ability to prioritize and schedule work is extremely desirable for any organization .
4. Ability to realize goals
Individuals who practice good time management are able to better achieve goals and objectives, and do so in a shorter length of time.
List of Tips for Effective Time Management
After considering the benefits of time management, let’s look at some ways to manage time effectively:

1. Set goals correctly
Set goals that are achievable and measurable. Use the SMART method when setting goals. In essence, make sure the goals you set are S pecific, M easurable, A ttainable, R elevant, and T imely.
2. Prioritize wisely
Prioritize tasks based on importance and urgency. For example, look at your daily tasks and determine which are:
- Important and urgent: Do these tasks right away.
- Important but not urgent: Decide when to do these tasks.
- Urgent but not important: Delegate these tasks if possible.
- Not urgent and not important: Set these aside to do later.
3. Set a time limit to complete a task
Setting time constraints for completing tasks helps you be more focused and efficient. Making the small extra effort to decide on how much time you need to allot for each task can also help you recognize potential problems before they arise. That way you can make plans for dealing with them.
For example, assume you need to write up five reviews in time for a meeting. However, you realize that you’ll only be able to get four of them done in the time remaining before the meeting. If you become aware of this fact well in advance, you may be able to easily delegate writing up one of the reviews to someone else. However, if you hadn’t bothered to do a time check on your tasks beforehand, you might have ended up not realizing your time problem until just an hour before the meeting. At that point, it might be considerably more difficult to find someone to delegate one of the reviews to, and more difficult for them to fit the task into their day, too.
4. Take a break between tasks
When doing a lot of tasks without a break, it is harder to stay focused and motivated. Allow some downtime between tasks to clear your head and refresh yourself. Consider grabbing a brief nap, going for a short walk, or meditating.
5. Organize yourself
Utilize your calendar for more long-term time management. Write down the deadlines for projects, or for tasks that are part of completing the overall project. Think about which days might be best to dedicate to specific tasks. For example, you might need to plan a meeting to discuss cash flow on a day when you know the company CFO is available.
6. Remove non-essential tasks/activities
It is important to remove excess activities or tasks. Determine what is significant and what deserves your time. Removing non-essential tasks/activities frees up more of your time to be spent on genuinely important things.
7. Plan ahead
Make sure you start every day with a clear idea of what you need to do – what needs to get done THAT DAY. Consider making it a habit to, at the end of each workday, go ahead and write out your “to-do” list for the next workday. That way you can hit the ground running the next morning.
Implications of Poor Time Management
Let’s also consider the consequences of poor time management.
1. Poor workflow
The inability to plan ahead and stick to goals means poor efficiency. For example, if there are several important tasks to complete, an effective plan would be to complete related tasks together or sequentially. However, if you don’t plan ahead, you could end up having to jump back and forth, or backtrack, in doing your work. That translates to reduced efficiency and lower productivity.
2. Wasted time
Poor time management results in wasted time. For example, by talking to friends on social media while doing an assignment, you are distracting yourself and wasting time.
3. Loss of control
By not knowing what the next task is, you suffer from loss of control of your life. That can contribute to higher stress levels and anxiety.
4. Poor quality of work
Poor time management typically makes the quality of your work suffer. For example, having to rush to complete tasks at the last minute usually compromises quality.
5. Poor reputation
If clients or your employer cannot rely on you to complete tasks in a timely manner, their expectations and perceptions of you are adversely affected. If a client cannot rely on you to get something done on time, they will likely take their business elsewhere.
Related Readings
Thank you for reading CFI’s guide to time management. CFI is a global provider of financial modeling courses and financial analyst certification . To help you become a world-class financial analyst and advance your career, these additional free CFI resources will be helpful:
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- Sense of Purpose at Work
- Leading By Example
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How to Make an Effective Presentation (Guide, Tips & Examples)

Written by: Heleana Tiburca

Learning how to make a presentation is an incredibly useful skill to have in your tool belt, especially since 55% of an effective presentation comes down to non-verbal communication .
We’ve rounded up the best tips for professional presentation-making and a step-by-step guide on how to make a presentation that will keep your audience engaged from start to finish.
If you're ready to create an engaging presentation, get started with our presentation software . Use hundreds of pre-made presentation templates , access built-in graphics, add multimedia and more.
Here’s a short selection of 8 easy-to-edit presentation templates you can edit, share and download with Visme. View more templates below:

Table of Contents
Planning your presentation, writing the presentation content, designing your presentation, giving a memorable presentation.
“A person without a plan is lost before they start.” - Lewis K Bendele
This quote stands true for many aspects of life, but especially for making a presentation that’s powerful and memorable.
If you’re wondering how to make a presentation amazing, then you need to know that it all starts out by choosing a great topic angle, deciding on your presentation’s purpose, and creating a solid structure and outline.
In this section, you’ll find tips and tricks to help you better plan your presentations.
1. Choose the topic of your presentation.
Choosing the topic of your presentation is arguably one of the most important parts of presentation creation.
If you’re a student looking for presentation topics, check out our list of 150+ presentation topic ideas covering various subjects to find something you like.
If you’re a business professional, and you don’t have the luxury of picking out your presentation topic, that’s okay. You can always find a unique angle, such as focusing on a specific problem.
Even if it doesn’t seem to be an exciting topic, you can still make your presentation engaging with the right presentation skills and eye-catching presentation visuals.
2. Research your topic and know it inside and out.
When the time comes to present your presentation, you need to feel confident in yourself and your abilities in order to win your crowd’s trust.
One way you can achieve this is by knowing all the ins and outs of your topic. This way, you’ll feel prepared for any questions and know just how to answer them.
You can do in-depth research on any topic by reading up on related material online or in a library. But if you want to walk the extra mile, you can even get in touch with some of your audience in advance and ask them what they’d like to see in your presentation.
Public speaking expert TJ Walker explains this well in the short video below:
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This little trick will help you focus on the important areas, and find answers to legitimate concerns and questions that your audience will likely have.
Another positive note to knowing your topic well is that in case you’re zooming through your presentation and you end up having extra time on your hands, you can add in bonus information about your topic to educate your audience.
3. Consider your audience and speak their language.
Now, not only do you need to know your topic well, but you also need to know and study your future audience just as well. Why?
Because by knowing your crowd’s interests, attention span and pain points, you’ll be able to connect them through your presentation. Plus, you’ll be in a better position to solve their problems and add value to their lives.
For example, an advanced, data-driven presentation full of technical jargon might not be the best idea if you're presenting to someone who is new to your field and unfamiliar with complicated terms.
It might end up confusing them instead of leaving a strong impact. You need to be able to speak their language and meet them on their level.
Going back to the example above, your presentation would likely be more successful if you simplify the information and start with the basics before jumping into the data and technicalities.
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4. Decide on your presentation’s purpose.
For every presentation you create, you need to have an end goal and purpose in mind.
Every presentation’s goal can be summed up within one of the following purposes:
- To entertain
- To persuade
Your presentation’s purpose may even be a combination of the above four.
The idea of pinpointing your presentation’s purpose is to help you create your presentation’s subject matter, outline and structure more easily.
5. Create a solid presentation outline.
In order to make a great presentation, you need to have a great outline to piggyback off of.
According to the University of Arkansas , to create a compelling speech with impactful results, you’ll need three key things in your outline: a compelling intro, a strong body and a conclusion that drives your main points home.
- A compelling intro: Starting with a strong intro can make your audience sit up in their seats and listen to you. Some ways to start your presentation include asking a thought-provoking question, listing the benefits and shocking the audience with a fact or statistic.
- A strong body: To write a great body for your presentation, you need to unravel your opening statement, give evidence by including all of your facts and statistics and include supporting arguments to prove your statements and to educate your audience on your topic.
- An actionable conclusion: In your conclusion, make sure you loop back to your original opening statement and give your audience actionable steps to take in order to reach the solution you have to offer them.
Another important thing to consider when planning your presentation structure is how long your presentation is going to be, and how many slides you’re going to add.
That’s where the 10-20-30 rule can help you out.
The 10-20-30 rule represents 10 slides presented in about 20 minutes with a 30 point font minimum.

This is not an end-all-be-all rule, but it is definitely great to follow loosely as it will help you stay on track and not overwhelm your viewers with too many slides with too little time or vice versa.
If you want a more in-depth guide on how to structure your presentation , we’ve created one just for you. Give it a read to take your presentation structure to the next level.
Now that you know how to create a presentation outline, let’s talk about what the content of your presentation should look like.
The content is the real “meat” of your presentation — you need to ensure that it’s credible, full of value and crafted in a way that makes it easy for your audience to understand it.
In this section, we’ll look at some tips to help you craft clear, concise and creative content that’s hard to forget.
6. Limit the amount of text on your slides.
Since we’re on the topic of not overwhelming your audience with too much information, it’s a great idea to try to keep your text to about 6-8 lines per slide, like in the example below.

This will help result in clean and pleasing slides to look at and you won’t risk losing your crowd due to overstimulation.
7. Fact-check all your information.
If you want your audience to trust you, then make sure you’re getting all of your information from reputable sources and anyone can fact-check your data.
In fact, you’ll even sound more confident and authoritative when you’re able to prove what you’re saying is true.
Here are some resources to help you fact-check your information:
- FactCheck.org
- The Trust Project
The worst thing you can do is use faulty information and lose your crowd’s trust because once you do that, it’s near impossible to get it back.
If you’re planning to share your presentation slides online, it’s a good idea to add your sources at the end of your presentation or at the bottom of your slides as footnotes.
8. Use storytelling to your advantage.
People are more inclined to remember stories that touched them rather than statistics simply listed out on a slide.
To make your presentation the most effective, you can use a combination of the two and tell a story to back up your main points and data.
For example, instead of simply presenting the numbers upfront, you can give some context by introducing the problem, and explaining what the statistics mean and who they’re affecting.
Learn more about finding stories in data in our detailed guide. Or, watch the video below for a quick summary:

Another storytelling technique to keep in mind is to focus on characters, not objects and numbers. Humans are innately emotional creatures, and understand things best when they can relate to them on a personal level.
For example, if you’re presenting an environmental problem, talk about how it’s affecting people and animals instead of just introducing the problem in technical terms.
9. Include lots of practical examples.
Including numbers and data in your presentation is great, but if you don’t relate that information to the real world (i.e. give it context), your audience might get lost or bored.
One way to add context to your presentation content is to include a lot of practical examples. Telling people what a certain piece of information can mean for them in their everyday life can leave a much stronger impact than simply telling them the information exists.
Plus, relatable examples can make your presentation’s take-home message easier to digest and understand.
To explain this better, let’s consider an example (see what I did there?)
Look at the slide below — it’s taken from a redesigned Uber pitch deck that explains briefly how the ride-sharing service works and its key features.

On its own, the slide above communicates little value. The audience knows how the service works, but they might not be clear about its real-world applications.
Following up with a slide like this one can help:

Sharing potential use cases with the audience is a great way to show your audience why your idea is interesting, and how it can make a difference. In Uber’s case, it showed investors why the service was worth investing in.
10. Use presenter’s notes for additional information.
If you’re afraid that you’re going to forget important information and you’re tempted to write out all your talking points on your slide, stop right there.
Don’t make the mistake of cluttering your slides with text. If the information is too important to leave out, you can always add it into your presenter’s notes.
If you’re using a presentation software like Visme, you can include your presenter’s notes in the designated area at the bottom without sacrificing beautiful slide design.

These notes will pop up as needed when you’re presenting, and you can choose to have them open on your computer screen while presenting the actual slides on the projector.
11. Incorporate your data in a visual way.
We’ve all been there; those long corporate meetings where you give it your all to pay attention to the statistics and numbers slowly being read off of an interminable spreadsheet.
Don’t make that same mistake in your presentation. Incorporate your data in a visual and engaging way by using charts, graphs, maps and data widgets.
The slide template below visualizes website traffic data with the help of a line graph.

Imagine if all of this information was written out in the form of a complex table full of intricate rows, columns and numbers — yawning? So are we.
When you use a presentation software like Visme, you can add 15+ different types of charts and graphs to your slides, and customize them to fit your design needs. Change their colors, add or remove legends, and even animate the charts.
You can also drag and drop thermometers, progress bars, radials and other data widgets to visualize percentages and stats. Or, use the map generator to visualize geographical information, like in the slide template below.

You can make this map interactive, too. So, for example, when someone hovers on one of the regions on the map, additional data can be displayed.
Learn more about what data visualization is , why it’s important, and how to create your own impressive visual data.
Or, watch the quick video tutorial below to learn how to create a chart or graph in Visme.

12. Use multimedia to engage your audience.
People’s brains love to be met with the unexpected. Unfortunately, many times presentations are just predictable slides with some text and bullet points on them.
You can make your presentation more exciting for your audience by adding multimedia into the slides. But multimedia presentations include more than just static photos.
They can also include media like embedded videos, GIFs, audio narrations, music, or interactive elements like quizzes, forms, hover effects, links, pop-ups and more.
You can easily create a similar presentation of your own using Visme’s presentation maker , which comes with a built-in GIPHY integration.
Another benefit of adding multimedia is that it will give you a nice little break from talking where you can regroup your thoughts and get ready for your next big point.
If you want to learn more, check out our complete guide on creating a multimedia presentation .
13. Prepare thought-provoking questions.
We humans are curious creatures who love to learn and have our brains picked at.
Use this to your advantage and captivate your audience’s attention by preparing some questions that require deep thinking on their part.
Here are some ideas:
- Have you ever…?
- What would you do if…?
- Why do you think…?
Preparing questions in advance for your audience will have their wheels turning and attention on you for the upcoming answer.
14. Simplify your sentences.
One of the best ways to minimize the number of text on your slides is by using punchy phrases that aren’t full sentences.
For example, instead of writing, “The advantages of social media marketing are that it increases brand awareness, generates more inbound traffic, improves search engine rankings, higher conversion rates, provides more brand recognition authority and much more,” you can simplify this idea as:
SMM Advantages:
- Increased brand awareness
- More inbound traffic
- Improved SEO
- Higher conversion rates
As you can see, these concise phrases aren’t full sentences and include less punctuation but still communicate the same message without distracting text.
Now that we know how to create a presentation outline and we also know what kind of content we need to prepare for our presentation, it’s time to jump into the actual design side of our presentation.
There are so many stunning presentation design ideas and trends you can follow, as well as presentation design tips you can implement to your presentation.
We’re going to cover a few of the most important design tips for you to follow to create a sleek presentation design your audience will love.
15. Consider your presentation’s mode of delivery.
Just as it’s important to figure out your presentation’s purpose in order to create its structure, likewise, you need to know how you will deliver your presentation in order to determine the design of it.
For example, for standalone presentations, it’s a great idea to add more text into your slides. But on the other hand, if you’re holding an in-person presentation, it might be a good idea to have less text on your slides.
Once you determine your presentation’s delivery, you can then determine the best presentation design style for it.
16. Choose your fonts carefully.
One of the best tips we can give you for sleek presentation design is to use only up to 3 fonts per slide.
If you end up using more than 3 fonts, you forfeit having a nice presentation design and you’ll risk looking messy and unprofessional.
Not only should you limit yourself to using 3 fonts, but you need to make sure that they are similar in style and complement each other, like in the example below.

One way you can do this is by using font templates from Visme that are predesigned and handpicked by professional designers.
This way, you’ll never have to wonder if your fonts match or look good together ever again.
It’s also important that you keep the fonts you choose consistent throughout your design. This will give your presentation a polished and professional look overall.
If you want to change up the appearance of your font throughout your presentation, then play with the weight, styling, color and size of the text.
17. Use high-quality images, icons and visuals.
It’s very important that whatever visuals you choose to add to your presentation are of high quality.
Avoid using pixelated photos, images that have watermarks on them or blurry vector icons in your presentation. By not using high-quality content, you risk off-putting your audience.
Our presentation software has millions of high-resolution stock images and videos, and thousands of high-quality icons for every occasion for you to choose from.

You can also upload your own images, videos, icons and other visuals from your computer, such as branded graphics or original photos.
By using high-quality visual content for your slides like in the example above, you’ll be taken much more seriously by your audience.
18. Keep everything in line with the grid.
Another key point to mention for optimal presentation design is to make sure every element lines up well with each other and is visually pleasing.
Symmetry is directly correlated with beauty , so integrate this knowledge into your slide design and try to keep everything balanced, symmetrical and pleasing to the eye.

You can easily line everything up to each other by using a grid within our presentation editor, like in the example above.
19. Use a single, eye-catching transition.
Static presentations are a thing of the past. Make your presentation more engaging for your audience by using an animated transition between slides.

Visme has lots of different transitions that you can choose from, as seen above, but we recommend that you use one style of transition for your entire presentation to keep everything cohesive.
20. Focus on one main idea per slide.
In order to keep your design sleek and to not overwhelm your audience, it’s best practice to have one main idea or take away per slide. This way, you stay on track, your audience isn’t overwhelmed and your design will be on point because nothing will be cluttered.
You can also use an entire slide to ask a crucial question or highlight an important quote. If you want to bring attention to your next big point, try displaying a single concept on an entire slide.

This will make for a great change of pace for your audience by quickly going through your slides, thus keeping them engaged with your presentation, and it will also showcase the importance of your next point.
21. Choose a cohesive color scheme.
There’s no doubt that color is important. In fact, studies show that colors can directly affect our mood and the way we feel.
Doing some research into the colors you should use for your presentation will greatly benefit your outcome.
This applies not only to the primary color you choose, but the supporting colors as well. It’s important to have a great complementary color scheme throughout your presentation.

If you’re not sure what colors work well together, you can choose one from Visme’s color theme presets, as seen above, that are hand-picked by professional designers for your presentation.
If you have a business, then using your brand colors in your presentation is a great idea and will help with building brand recognition. With Visme, you can upload your brand colors directly to the editor or extract them from your logo.
It’s also important to note that you don’t use two light shades for both the background and text of your slide. To make your text stand out, you need to use contrasting colors.
For example, you can make the background black and your text a bright shade of green to make it stand out, or vice versa. Just be sure that your text is easily readable for your audience.
22. Proofread and polish your presentation.
As soon as you have a rough draft of your presentation, you need to begin the proofreading and polishing process.
One helpful trick of the trade when it comes to writing is using free grammar and spell-checking tools. Many times, they’ll catch things you may have never even noticed or seen before.
There are lots of free grammar tools out there for you to use. To name a couple, you could use Grammarly or ProWritingAid .

After going over your presentation a few times, it becomes easier for you to start seeing unnecessary information on your slides.
To make your slides more visually pleasing and less cluttered, you can shorten your text and sentences and condense them into main points and ideas. This will increase negative space in your slide and make it more aesthetically pleasing.
Don’t just quickly glance over your presentation once and call it a day. Go over your presentation a second, third time and even fourth time to make sure that it’s absolutely perfect.
In fact, have a second pair of eyes read over your presentation.
Many times, we become desensitized to our own work and miss out on little mistakes here and there. So, it’s important to let someone else have a look over it before you call it in.
23. Keep your slides on-brand
While designing your slides, always keep your brand identity in mind, especially if creating a crucial business presentation. It will distinguish you from competitors, prompt people to refer your products and services to others and connect people with your brand emotionally.
So, consider your brand colors, brand fonts, logo and other elements of your company’s visual identity. If you have not defined any of these elements, try choosing the design elements that match your brand personality and the theme of your presentation.
Use the presentation template below to put together brand guidelines for your company.

However, if you are struggling to define your brand’s visual identity, you can download our free Brand Guide Handbook to get help. If you already have set your brand guidelines, you can use Visme’s Brand Design Tool to create slides according to your branding easily.
Visme's Dynamic Fields can help you ensure key brand information is accurate across all your slides. Simply create new dynamic fields or edit existing ones and assign values and your data will be updated in real-time.
You can have the most amazing presentation in the world on paper, but without proper delivery, it can turn into a complete flop.
So, now that you have all the knowledge on how to make a presentation, it’s time to discuss how you can deliver that presentation in a powerful way.
In this section, we’ll cover tips on how to give a killer presentation that leaves an impact.
24. Rehearse your presentation.
Practice, practice and practice again. That’s the way to presentation perfection.
That’s right, no matter how crazy you might sound to the downstairs neighbors practicing your speech out loud alone in your apartment, you need to do it.
Why? Because when you can actually hear yourself present your ideas out loud, you may realize that you’re missing key points of information.
While you’re at it practicing out loud, go in front of a mirror and strike some power poses.
Body language is everything when it comes to presenting your presentation in a powerful way. It can make or break your entire speech. So, use open-handed gestures, smile often and loosen up a bit to come across as a confident presenter.
If you’ve been allotted a certain amount of time for your presentation, then you need to practice while using a timer.
By practicing out loud with a timer, you’ll be able to adjust and readjust the information on your slides to make sure you get all your important information across to your audience.
Another way you can boost your confidence and kick stage fright before the big day of your presentation is to do a practice run of your presentation in front of others.
This will not only help you get used to public speaking, but it also gives them a chance to give you honest feedback on your presentation and let you know if there was anything that could use improvement.
25. Memorize your presentation.
Memorizing your speech for your presentation is no easy task. But the more you can remember while you’re up on stage and the fewer “umm’s” and “uh’s” you say, the better.
We rounded up the best ways to memorize a presentation that will significantly help you with your presentation delivery, but we’ll share a few with you here as well.
- Build a memory palace: Just like the Greeks and Romans used to do, associating concepts and ideas with specific locations can help you remember them more easily.

- Write down the main points: Research shows that writing down information can help you learn and remember information more efficiently.
- Practice during the afternoon: According to a study, by studying in the afternoon, you will be much more efficient in retrieving memories .
- Record yourself: This study shows that recording and listening to yourself not only improves your practice sessions, but also boosts overnight retention .
Apply the memorization techniques above while you’re rehearsing your presentation, but make sure you also understand each and every word.
26. Start strong to hook your audience.
When it comes to giving presentations, first impressions are extremely important.
The way you start can set the stage for the rest of your talk — you can either have the audience sit up in their seats and give you their full attention, or have them ready to doze off.
There are several proven techniques you can use to start your presentation in a powerful way, such as:
- Tell a personal story
- Make a provocative statement
- Share a shocking fact or statistic
- Ask a question
- Start with a prop
- Show a video or meaningful visual
If you want to learn more about these presentation hooks and more in detail, read our guide to starting a presentation with examples from famous TED talks.
If you prefer watching a video instead, we’ve got you covered.

27. Observe your audience’s behavior.
Remember, a presentation — or any talk for that matter — is not a one-way conversation. Effective communication involves constant feedback from the listener, and requires the speaker to react to that feedback appropriately.
So, how does this apply to presentation delivery?
When you’re up on the stage giving your presentation, make sure you constantly observe your audience and their reactions — this includes their facial expressions, body language and even questions.
You might sense your audience is getting bored, for example, if you see a few people fidgeting in their seats, yawning or looking at their phones.
This is your cue to switch things up a bit. For example, you can:
- Change the subject
- Make them laugh with a joke or humorous statement
- Get people to stand up or do an activity
- Take a break if you have enough time
- Invite questions from the audience
Similarly, if you see your audience is engaged with what you’re saying, continue with your enthusiasm and try to keep them hooked till the end.
28. Be authentic and vulnerable.
When giving a presentation, the worst thing you can do is try to be someone else and come across as pretentious and unoriginal.
In this TED talk, Brene Brown starts by revealing that she felt so vulnerable and embarrassed after one of her talks that she didn’t leave her house for three days.
Successful presenters are authentic, even if they are not perfect. They are relatable, grounded and vulnerable. Instead of hiding their failures, imperfections and insecurities, they share them with the audience and build an emotional connection.
When the audience finds you relatable, they are more inclined to listen to you and take you seriously.
29. Conclude your presentation on a high.
Just like it’s important to start your presentation with a powerful hook, likewise, you need to conclude your presentation in a way that it impacts your audience and leaves them thinking about your take-home message for a long time after.
There are several ways to close your presentation with style:
- End with a memorable quote
- Drive your main points home
- Close with a story
- Use a strong call-to-action
Here’s an infographic summarizing the main points above and more.

Read our guide to learn more about how to close a presentation in a powerful way.
30. Leave time for questions at the end.
Our last piece of advice for preparing for and presenting an effective presentation is to get your audience involved and allocate time for their comments and questions at the end of your presentation.
Everyone wants to be heard, and if you did your job correctly, you should have sparked some conversation starters from your audience by the end of your presentation.
Give them your time and attention at the end of your presentation to show them you care about your presentation and most importantly, them.

31. Prepare backup content.
No matter how well prepared you are, it’s always better to have a backup because not everything may go the same as you planned.
Despite whatever your intention is, as a presenter, you should always have a plan B, C and sometimes D for your presentation. Put together statements that will cover you if you find yourself upsetting the audience.
Problems may occur due to location changes, technical difficulties and many other factors; you must always be prepared. Your backup content can be anything that can change the game as needed.
For example, you can prepare some backup questions that you can ask according to the situation, some additional relatable examples or even a few slides with different design elements that you might need to meet the requirements of your audience.
Ready to Make a Powerful Presentation?
Creating an impactful presentation requires careful planning, attention to content details and a good eye for design. But even the best presentations can fail if they’re not rehearsed and delivered properly.
If you’re ready to create an engaging presentation, we recommend using an intuitive presentation software like Visme.
Sure, you can whip up a plain-looking presentation in PowerPoint any day. But if you want your presentation to look creative and different from the rest, you need to use an innovative tool.
With features like data visualization tools, built-in stock images and videos, the ability to add your own fonts and brand colors, and hundreds of presentation templates for you to choose from, once you try it, you’ll likely never go back to anything else.
Not only will you be able to create stunning presentations, but you’ll also be able to share them, embed them and present them right from inside the editor.
Create beautiful presentations faster with Visme.

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About the Author
I’m Heleana and I’m a content creator here at Visme. My passion is to help people find the information they’re looking for in the most fun and enjoyable way possible. Let’s make information beautiful.
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How to Give the Best Presentation of Your Life
Plan first, then practice, and keep your focus on the big picture..
Believe it or not, some people are jazzed about giving presentations . They love the experience, jump in with two feet, and m any become accomplished public speakers who, in some cases, make a profession out of it.
On the other end of the public-speaking spectrum are those who have a debilitating fear of it . For them , t he experience comes with a racing heart, sense of dread, or worse . Some get physically ill, regardless the amount of practice and preparation.
Then, there is the huge group in the middle, where you probably live: They neither love public speaking nor get sick from it. It’s uncomfortable, but they can do it, despite a shaky voice sometimes , going over or under time, having slides with 12-point fon t text , or losing the audience about half-way through.
If you’ re in this last group, you’ re not alone: Most of the population has some level of discomfort (or plain inexperience) with public speaking. The good news is that there are basic and simple ways to improve your public speaking and help you do far better than mediocre. Here are just a few.
Don’t start by creating the slides
When bosses, clients, or teachers ask for a presentation, it’s common to begin by opening up a slideshow deck. You might start shuffling around slides from previous presentation or begin creating a new slideshow presentation from scratch, but you shouldn’t do either . It’s ultimately wasting a ton of time. Instead, plan the presentation first . Invest half an hour and sketch out your key points. It’ ll make building the presentation much easier and faster after you have a plan to follow.

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Focus on what your audience needs, not on how much you know
Many presenters attempt to get their audience to the same level of understanding they have. This is almost always misguided. Your audience doesn’t need as much information as you have; i nstead, they need you to translate what’s in your head into something useful for them . Boil it down and make it concise.
Often, it’ s helpful to just ask yourself, “What are the top three things my audience needs to know about this topic?” or “What are the three most important things people need to remember after the presentation?” This centers your attention on your audience (and away from yourself). Once you know those three things, your presentation will be easier to build.
Keep your visuals and presentation structure simple
To avoid overthinking your presentation structure, t hink in terms of an introduction, 2-3 main points, and a conclusion. Make sure those points are the most important for what you want to your audience to know.
If your visuals have text on them, avoid long sentences— and absolutely no paragraphs. Your audience can’t read and listen to you at the same time. The slides should be understandable at a glance, and a picture or graphic is ideal. If there is text, make sure the font is at least 18-20 point, and s trive for no more than five bullet points on any single slide.
A s you plan to deliver the presentation, think in similar, simple terms. Use this age-old public speaking model:
- Tell them what you’re going to tell them. ( This is your introduction.)
- Tell them. ( These are your 2-3 main points.)
- Tell them what you told them. ( This is your conclusion that drives home exactly what you want your audience to remember.)
You’ll remember what to say, the audience will be able to follow along, and the simple structure will result in a more memorable and engaging presentation.
Practice in front of someone and time it
The worst thing you can do is rehearse the presentation in your head while sitting alone at your desk. You have to speak publicly ( out loud and in front of others), so it’s a waste of time to rehearse by thinking and being alon e.
Once you know what to say, practice saying it in front of one or more friends or colleagues. Have your practice audience time your delivery to help with your time management. Speaking in public is like any skill: the more you do it, the easier it gets.
If there’ s time planned for a Q&A after your presentation, rehearse fielding questions as well —including the likely scenario that you’ll be asked something you don’t know the answer to. Have an answer practiced and at the ready, like, “I don’t know, but I’d be happy to find out and get back to you.”
Remind yourself of what really matters
Despite all the preparation, nerves will still take hold. One way to remain calm is to find a picture, token, or mantra that reminds you that this presentation is a mere moment in time. There are likely aspects of your life of greater importance than the presentation, and something that reminds you of what really matters ( like pictures of family , a small token from a meaningful trip, or listening to the right song) can help neutralize the nerves enough to deliver your message successfully.
Giving a presentation can be an uncomfortable experience , but putting in the time to prepare and practice will make it so much easier . Then, staying focused on the bigger picture of what’s meaningful in your life can be just what you need to reduce the stress even more.
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Create a presentation
Create a presentation in PowerPoint

Create presentations from scratch or start with a professionally designed, fully customizable template from Microsoft Create .
Open PowerPoint.
In the left pane, select New .
Select an option:
To create a presentation from scratch, select Blank Presentation .
To use a prepared design, select one of the templates.
To see tips for using PowerPoint, select Take a Tour , and then select Create , .

Add a slide
In the thumbnails on the left pane, select the slide you want your new slide to follow.
In the Home tab, in the Slides section, select New Slide .
In the Slides section, select Layout , and then select the layout you want from the menu.

Add and format text
Place the cursor inside a text box, and then type something.
Select the text, and then select one or more options from the Font section of the Home tab, such as Font , Increase Font Size , Decrease Font Size , Bold , Italic , Underline , etc.
To create bulleted or numbered lists, select the text, and then select Bullets or Numbering .

Add a picture, shape, and more
Go to the Insert tab.
To add a picture:
In the Images section, select Pictures .
In the Insert Picture From menu, select the source you want.
Browse for the picture you want, select it, and then select Insert .
To add illustrations:
In the Illustrations section, select Shapes , Icons , 3D Models , SmartArt , or Chart .
In the dialog box that opens when you click one of the illustration types, select the item you want and follow the prompts to insert it.

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The more efficient, stress-free way of creating PowerPoint presentations
Ever had powerpoint déjà-vu.
It’s the annual presentation. An opportunity that doesn’t come around too often. So now it’s time to perfectly prepare for it. Specialists from all different departments are involved. They’re all doing their best and preparing PowerPoint slides designed to inspire the client.
The presentation date starts drawing closer. The first rehearsal reveals gaps in the presentation’s arguments. It lacks the flow that will engage the client from the outset. Slide quality varies greatly, and the overall visual appearance leaves a lot to be desired too.
Time is running out, and the pressure is mounting. Overtime is the order of the day, and tension is so high, even the client can feel it.

How can businesses break the pre-presentation stress spiral?
Start earlier – much earlier.
Good time management is also important when it comes to preparing presentations. But this generally doesn’t mean simply setting up the slides a few days earlier. “Earlier” means rethinking the presentation-creation process from the outset.
Appoint someone to be the “PowerPoint person”
While PowerPoint is used in many areas of a business, the purposes, usage intensity, user knowledge, and visual requirements vary greatly. So it’s no wonder the results are similarly varied when staff members from different departments all work on the same presentation. PowerPoint needs an ambassador who is responsible for ensuring certain presentation standards are met, especially formal and visual standards, but also procedural standards, such as the updating of slide content.
Step 1: Good templates
Your staff members are specialists in their respective fields, but PowerPoint may not necessarily be one of their core skills. Bear this in mind when creating a PowerPoint master. A good PowerPoint master needs to be able to do lots of things. It translates your brand’s look to PowerPoint, it meets all information and communication requirements, is implemented perfectly at a technical level, and, above all, is user-friendly.
Increase your PowerPoint support by providing ready-made slides and templates. Basic information about the company or products is very easy to prepare and can be re-used. But even slides developed for highly specialized purposes can serve as inspiration or templates for new presentations.

Finding everything, searching for nothing: The slide library
When distributing your templates, use a slide library that enables everyone to access the exact slides and presentations they need. This will spare you any double-handling and ensure at least part of a presentation can be created from existing slides. These slides will already feature the relevant corporate design and will have up-to-date content. You can set up this slide library at a central storage location, such as on the Intranet itself, or, alternatively, there are software tools on the market that offer additional functions, e.g. granting access rights or automatically updating slides and content.

Using storyboards for different presentation occasions
Storyboards help you better plan the structure and content of a presentation. A storyboard is a kind of script that defines a presentation’s setup and establishes certain case-based requirements, such as scope, depth of information, etc. The storyboard for an internal management presentation will thus be considerably different from that of an initial sales meeting with a new client.
Using storyboards helps you better plan and control the time spent and the resources required for creating the presentation. You can better coordinate tasks and carry them out more efficiently, especially when there are lots of people working together on the same presentation.
Pro tip: PowerPoint add-ins for sustainable presentation management in corporate environments
PowerPoint add-ins are software extensions that expand on and add to PowerPoint’s functions. Some PowerPoint add-ins improve PowerPoint-related processes, facilitating central organization of all assets required for creating presentations, such as slides, presentations, templates, logos, icons, and images. They ensure company-wide corporate-design compliance and offer a variety of functions for creating presentations faster and more easily. The QuickSlide PowerPoint add-in , for example, provides an integrated agenda assistant, an automatic corporate design check, and an optional conversion tool that enables presentations to be transformed into a new corporate design largely automatically.
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Time Management
Time Management. “ We all have time to either spend or waste and it is our decision what to do with it. But once passed, it is gone forever.”. Why use time management ? . balance the conflicting demands of time for : Work. Leisure. Earning money. . Benefits of time management.

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Presentation Transcript
“ We all have time to either spend or waste and it is our decision what to do with it. But once passed, it is gone forever.”
Why use time management ? balance the conflicting demands of time for : • Work. • Leisure. • Earning money.
Benefits of time management • Efficient • Successful • Healthy
Obstacles to effective time management • Unclear objectives • Disorganization
Obstacles to effective time management • Inability to say “no” • Interruptions
Obstacles to effective time management • More interruptions • Periods of inactivity
Obstacles to effective time management • Too many things at once • Stress and fatigue
Obstacles to effective time management • All work and no play
What can we do ? - Recognize that obstacles exist. - Identify them. -Employ strategies to overcome.
Time Management Strategies • Set goals • Prioritize • Organize • Learn when to say “NO” • Use your waiting time • Concentrate on the task at hand • Consider your personal prime time • Celebrate success
1. SET GOALS
2.Prioritize • Do. • Delegate. • Delay. • Delete.
Cont. • Address the urgent • Accomplish what you can early • Attach deadlines to things you delay
2. Organize Whatever method you choose, make sure you organize your tasks so that you can stay on track.
3. Learn when to say “NO” • You can’t do everything • Don’t undertake things you can’t complete • Remain consistent to your goals
4. Use your waiting time • On public transportation • At the doctor’s office • Waiting for your plane • On hold • When you are early
5. Concentrate on the task at hand • Focus on your goal. • Tune out interruptions.
6. Consider your personal prime time • Morning? • Evening? • Late night?
7. Celebrate your success
The Big Rocks of Life
Thank you.. Done by: Bashayer Saud Al.MarshediHalimah Said Al.Shuhri
- Tips & news
5 Ways to keep your speakers on time

Average: 5 ( 1 vote)

Keeping public speakers on time is a common challenge for event organizers: even when just a few presentations run over a couple minutes, the whole day becomes mayhem. Getting back on track is nearly impossible. Many speakers may feel that it is normal to run over their time slot or even worse, they cannot control their timing, without realizing the consequences it can have for the whole conference. An enthusiastic speaker can get carried away and even the most experienced speaker can lose track of their timing.

So, what are some foolproof ways to make sure your speakers stay on time?
1. Clearly communicate timeframes
How long you expect them to talk: you need to clearly communicate to your speakers how the schedule of the event will works, and how long you need their presentation to be. Do not be vague here, give very specific time frames. Instead of saying they are scheduled to talk for 20 minutes, give the exact times you would like them to start and finish their presentation. For example, “Your presentation will start at 10:05 and must end at 10:25.”
Review the timing: when the speaker arrives, review the timing with them again. This is also the perfect time to go over cues and signals with them. If there have been any changes to the time frames: clearly express it here and make sure that they are flexible to make any needed changes to adapt.
Consequence of going over: right before the speaker gets on stage, review with them a final time how much time they have. Warn them what will happen when they go over their time frame (e.g. you gently knock a glass) - but remember to be professional.

2. Leave yourself buffer room
Transition Times: leave time for speakers to get on stage and get set up, for people to move to different rooms and time for questions and feedback after a talk. Some event organizers find it helpful to tell the speaker less time than they have planed on the agenda to make sure that there is a bit of extra room for transitions. No one is ever upset if a day finishes a little early but people can quickly become irritated if a day runs over!
Speakers Who Go Over: always build extra time in the agenda for speakers who go over. It can be used as valuable networking time.
Be Clear With Experienced Speakers: most seasoned speakers will automatically add in their own buffer room unless you clearly tell them otherwise. If you are positive your conference or training will run exactly on time, make sure to tell your speaker so they can adjust.

3. Timekeeping devices
Make a clock visible: make sure the room where the talk is taking place has some sort of timekeeping device. Whenever possible, put one right on the stage or pulpit where the speaker can see it clearly.
Check-in with the Speaker: talk with the speaker beforehand about how they plan to keep their talk on time. Ask them what techniques they plan to use, like whether they have a watch, or an alarm.
Give the speaker a timekeeping device if they don’t have one and there isn’t one on view: have an extra timekeeping device (like a watch or small timer) available in case your speaker does not have one and there isn’t a clock on the room or on stage.

4. Use signals
Eye Contact: even the most experienced speakers can run over or forget the time. For lower key events, try to catch the eye of your speaker and let them know by tapping your wrist (this is universal!) that their time is running out or up.
Predetermined Cues: some event organizers use cue cards to signal to the speaker that their time is up. Ensure that you communicate to the speaker before they get on stage what the cue card means, and that they should be looking out for it. Avoid using cues that make noise (like bells, alarms or buzzer) because they can be disruptive to the audience.
Use two signals : for flawlessly smooth transitions, you can give your speaker two signals, one for when they should start to wrap up their talk and a second for when they need to end the talk. The time difference between these two cues is up to you, but most speakers find at least a five-minute warning to wrap up their ideas very helpful.
5. Get up on the stage
In the worst case scenario, a speaker will ignore the timeframes, ignore the signals, and keep talking well past the “safe-zone” (added extra time) of their presentation time. As uncomfortable as it may seem, as the event organizer, you need to take action.
Start by standing up and slowly moving towards the stage, completely visible to the speaker. Then, if the speaker does not finish their talk immediately you will need to go directly up and stand next to the speaker. Most speakers will take the hint and stop talking.
However, if they still do not, the most polite and courteous way to end the presentation is to thank the speaker and inform the audience that the discussion will have to continue at a later time.
You can even soften this by suggesting another place and time, such as “after today’s last session in the main concourse hall.”

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Time Management Presentation Template

Time Management presentation
Transcript: 13 NOVEMBER 2018 SLS1122 Professor Stewart Skylar Larsen, Makayla Merrell, Stephanie Vaughn, Ashley Sturla MANAGEMENT TIME What is Time Management? What is Time Management? The ability to use one's time effectively or productively. Challenge Challenges A situation where someone is being faced with an obstacle that needs great effort and hard work in order for that task to be done successfully. 1st Challenge Procrastination The response of putting off a task till a later time. In other words, postponing or delaying something. Ex. Studying the day of the test. Meanwhile, the test date was given to you a week ago. Steps to help you get out of procrastinating: 1 Have clear realistic goals 2 Create a task/reward system 3 Use negative reinforcement 4 Anticipate distractions and prepare for them 5 work your way up 6 Quit making excuses 2nd Challenge Distractions Somehing that averts someones full giving attention to something else. Ex. Noise, phones, multitasking, interruptions, clutter, crowds, and attention span. Steps to get through Distractions: 1 Create a distraction free environment 2 Ignoring and Overcoming Distarctions 3 Work more Efficiently Overload 3rd Challenge To load too heavily. Ex. Schoolwork, sports, family, friends, and work. Steps to overcome Overload: 1 Identify the sources 2 Filter the infomation 3 Review it 4 Act on it or delete it Strategies Strategies Strategies to over overload: 1 Create folders 2 Filter the information 3 Make time to review it 4 Make a to do list 5 Establish a to do list 6 Designate one day every week as a free day 7 Minimize to maximize Strategies to overcome distractions: 1 Use applications 2 Use two accounts 3 Clear your space 4 Put your thoughts on paper 5 Have some background music 6 Create a distraction free ritual 7 Set an artificial project deadline Strategies to overcome procrastination: 1 Do the one thing 2 Set deadlines 3 Done is better than perfect 4 Take a walk without thinking 5 Get to work Tools Tools Use a time planner and create a master list. The first tool that any student needs is a time planner that holds everything you need to schedule and organize your academic career. Any good time planner will have a master list where you can complete any goal and task. Some examples may include the Pomodoro Technique, the DSC assignment scheduler, the vision board, the outlook calendar, your DSC Student Handbook/Planner, the Pulse app, and much more. Resource Resources The Daytona State Library is an excellent outside resource because the staff is willingly to help you find everything from finding sources for a resource paper to suggesting strategies and plans that will best fit you and your academic career Goals for the school year GOAL FOR 2018 Makayla: Organize my studying and to be prepared. Skylar: To plan and control an efficient schedule that will help me throughout the school year with hopefully achieving my goal of straight A's. Stephanie: Ashley: To balance and control my schedule and still earning my straight A streak. Resources This article demonstrated how to use Time Management using the Pomodoro strategy "Time Management with Pomodoro Timer." Money Life, 28 May 2018. General OneFile, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A540588014/GPS?u=22417_vcpl&sid=GPS&xid=839cf019. Accessed 7 Nov. 2018. This article showed us what time management is and how to properly use it in your daily activities Bruckenstein, Joel P., and David J. Drucker. "Chapter 6 Personal time management." Tools & Techniques of Practice Management, edited by Stephan R. Leimberg, National Underwriter Company, 2004, p. 23+. Tools & Techniques. General OneFile, http://link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A241414835/GPS?u=22417_vcpl&sid=GPS&xid=f842cd95. Accessed 7 Nov. 2018. This is where I got the DSC logo that is illustrated on the front of our presentation. “Daytona State College.” Daytona State, Daytona Help Desk, 7 Nov. 2018, www.daytonastate.edu/. This site explained to me what time management is and how to deal with it. "Managing Your Success: Time Management." DSC Library. N.p., 30 Oct. 2018. Web. 12 Nov. 2018. references

Time management presentation
Transcript: Time-Management By: Pedro Arango Definition Definition Time-management: the process of organizing, planning, and dividing your time among specific tasks. Examples of time management are Setting goals Prioritizing Self-motivation To-Do Lists Examples Examples Brain & Time Management Brain The frontal lobe is the part of the brain that controls time management related actions. This is because time management is not only a behavior skill, but also a cognitive skill. Practicing time management makes you better at it! Academic Benefits Academic Benefits You won't miss important academic deadlines. You will have less stress. Have more time to relax and enjoy your time at school. More time to sleep and eat well. Personal Benefits Personal Benefits Can improve quality of life Less Procrastination More opportunities and career growth Less stress and anxiety More time for self-care THANK YOU(: Thank You!

Time Management Presentation
Transcript: Your daily schedule should reflect your main goals Time Management Why are YOU attending Georgia Southern University? to gain a higher education and gain skills for a great job make social connections friendships connections in your future field the "college experience" Making the transition For the first time, your schedule is UNSTRUCTURED! Why is time management SO different in college versus high school? Goals

Transcript: 2 5 6 1 4 7 0 3 Time management is the process of planning and exercising conscious control of time spent on specific activities, especiallly to increase effectiveness, efficiency, or productivity What is Time Management? What is time management? Motivational Video on time management Why is time management important? Time Management It is more important than you think... Work Time Managment is Important in the Workplace Businesses want someone who knows how to handle their time effectively. A lack of time managment can lead to negative impacts on business productivity in the long run. Ineffective time management can cause a loss of money, can increase stress in the work environment and cause frustration between team members and employees. 8 reasons time managment is crucial: There are only 24 hours in a day. If you want to be successful in the workplace, you have to acknowledge the importance of finding a way to manage this limited resource. Reason #1: Time is limited Once you start to take control of your time, you improve your ability to focus. With increased focus comes enhanced efficiency and you will soon start to complete tasks more quickly. Reason #2: You can accomplish more with less effort A benefit of good time management skills is the ability to make better decisions. When you begin to master the ability to effectively manage time, you also improve your ability to make important decisions. Reason #3: Improved decision-making ability When you can accomplish more in your workday and make better decisions than your fellow co-workers, business leaders will take note. This could lead to advanement opportunities within your job. Reason #4: Become more successful in your career When you work more efficiently, you have more time to take advantage of learning opportunities within the workplace. Reason #5: Learning opportunities are everywhere When you don't have any control over your time, you end up feeling rushed and overwhelmed. Once you learn how to manage your time, you no longer are subject to the stress. Reason #6: Reduce stress Everyone needs free time and having good time managment skills allows you find the time to do fun and relaxing things. Reason #7: Free time is necessary When you practice good time management, you don't have room for procrastination. The better you get at this, the more self-discipline you learn. This is a valuable skill that will impact other areas of your life as well. Reason #8: Self-discipline is valuable How to not Manage time Well Top 5 reasons why Time management is hard The reason people procrastinate is simple. You are given tasks you did not decide to do, so your brain decides to push it off until you can't anymore. #1 Procrastination It is hard to do things you do not want to do The worst thing you could do when trying to work on a project or paper is working on it when you have not had enough sleep. No sleep and not a good diet can make you less productive #2 Not having enough energy If you say yes to a lot of tasks or are in to many clubs it might be worth it to cut down in those areas. Do not take on more responsibilities than you can handle. Do not be afraid to say no to a co-worker if they need your help at work finish what you need to do first to get your stuff done. Taking to many responsibilities on at once #3 Feeling Overwhelmed This is a dangerous habit to get in if you don't prioritze then you might get distracted by scrolling on your phone and 30 minutes being wasted on your phone can really hurt your productivity. Not prioritzing your time #4 Being Easily Distracted by less important things If you do not know what your goals are in school, career, or life in general it is hard to accomplish what you have to get done. Take time everyday to think about what you want and write them down as a stepping stone and take action. Not knowing your goals #5 Not knowing what you want Video 7 tips to practicing good time management Tips to improve time managment 1. Set Goals 1. Goals help us keep track of what we are trying to achieve Daily goals SMART goals Specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, timely Different time management applications Cirkus, ATracker, Google Calendar Effectivitly use a calendar or planner 2. Pick a system and commit 2. Time of day Location Efficiency does not equal effectiveness Find a place that reduces distractions and interruption Items that increase your productivity Coffee, water bottle, stress balls 3. Find your productivity zone 3. Make items with deadlines first priority Knock boring items out first Don't let less important items take up your day 4. Know your priorities 4. Helps you focus on the task at hand Finish tasks in alloted amount of time This allows you to track time spent throughout the day Helps identify changes needed to be made 5. Track your time 5. What tasks can I have other help with? Use group scenarios to accomplish big tasks Allow those with specific skills to take on specifc projects 6. Determine what to

Transcript: Making Time for Time Management Task 1 Understand what time management is Prioritize our responsibilities in life Gain useful tools to manage our own time better Use time management as a career tool Our objectives for today: What is Time Management? DEFINITION: Time management refers to the development of processes and tools that increase efficiency and productivity IT's A SKILL! Time management doesn’t “just happen” for anyone – it is a skill that must be worked on, and that most people find to be a life-long challenge School Family Work Social Life Community Service Co-curricular activities Social Media Nutrition Exercise What do YOU have to juggle? Task 2 Find two- three partners and grab a box of the front. Box contains: one glass jar, rocks, gravel, sand, and stones. You are tasked with filling the jar as much as possible with these items before time runs out! Time Management Game The Mayo Jar Task 3 Reduces stress and anxiety Helps you to complete college assignments on time and efficiently. Career asset Helps you make time for things you actually want to do... Skill that carries over into every aspect of life!!! Why is time management so important? Task 4 Where to begin.... 1. Make a list of all your assignments, responsibilities, tasks... 2. Start by plugging the structured tasks into your calendar. I.e. Class times, appointments,work, etc. 3. Then plug in your non-negotiables; sleep, eating, exercising. 4. Plug in times to do important tasks such as studying, working on papers, etc. 5. Finally, we all need a social life...make sure to make time to hang out with friends, family, or whatever else you like to do! Consider this: Do you get enough sleep now? Do you work best in the morning, afternoon or evening? Are you eating too little or too much? What are your study and work habits? Do work best studying for hours at a time or is it easier for you to break it into smaller sessions? Task 5 Schedule Example Task 6 Step 2: Monthly Schedule When making your weekly schedule, it's almost important to know big assignments that are coming up.... -Take a look at the beginning of each semester to note all big assignments. Task 7 Keep your organizer somewhere you will see and visit...like your desk or the background of your computer Find an accountability partner. Buy a calendar whiteboard for your room (Can be found at Staples and most drugstores) Keep your schedule consistent, when possible. It gets easier to study and manage your time when you know what to expect. Consistently switching leads to stress and anxiety! Helpful Hints to Keep you Organized Our top recommendations: Timeful (calendar and to-do list) Any.do (calendar, to do list, events, reminders) Finish (to do list with the satisfaction of check marks) Apple Phones: Reminder Alarm Notes Calendar Keep it on your phone... Task 8 Creating your own schedule can be daunting... come see someone in Academic Support who can help you to work one on one to make your schedule Schedule time to Schedule (i.e Sunday Mornings!) Consider this...are there things that you can remove from your schedule? Next steps... Task 9 Let's Meditate!

Transcript: overload your days! YOU Question #2: Presented by Brothers... Any Ideas? Write a list of tasks to be accomplished as they enter your mind Number them according to the following guidelines: You're right! It does! Time management reduces work-related stress and increases the amount of respect you receive at work. Make visuals for yourself Go post-it note crazy Use calendars Invest in a planner Be creative and have fun! In fact... So let's get a head start! “If you want to get something done, give it to a busy person.” -Anonymous How important is time management in your life? A few extra tips... Monster Career Resources rates time management as one of 6 business skills every new graduate needs to develop. Question #1: What are some methods that you find effective in managing your time? Biggest tasks during times of most energy Most people, beginning of the day Save small jobs/busy work for less pep One job at a time Allow sufficient time to complete first task FIRST Decreases errors experienced during multi-tasking Be realistic in what you can achieve in a day's time!!! Schedule “interruption” time Distractions or unexpected problems will not throw your whole day off when they are scheduled in Eliminates stress associated Schedule personal time Exercise, relaxation or indulging in favorite hobby recharge your body and revitalize your mind "To-Do" List Ask yourself... Is it crucial or not crucial? (Number 1st) When is it due? (Soonest - Latest) Are there additional steps I must take leading up to the completion of this task? If so, add individual steps to list and number accordingly, amongst all other tasks (Or at least knows what it is) Alexis Duke Brooke Miller Gee, this [awesome presentation] makes me want to create a schedule/to-do list RIGHT NOW! (effective-time-management-tips.com) But First... The Classic (Monster.com) Parkinson’s Law: a project will tend to expand w/ time allocated to it. Give ourselves one thing to do during the day, it will take us all day. (Sound familiar?) Having a lot to do in a day creates a healthy sense of pressure on us (more focus, more things get done). This force automatically makes us better time managers, less likely to suffer interruptions, not waste time in meetings, etc. Looking to add more to your to do list? Build a daily action plan that includes not only the things you “have to do”, but the things you “want to do." Who uses Google Calendar?? (BusinessSchoolEdge.com) Professional Skill Session: Time Management WRITE IT OUT www.google.com Time management shifts individual attitudes from reactive to proactive, increasing productivity, and giving you a better chance at moving up in the company. Not really a technology person? It might sound crazy but... Okay, great! Now, we'd like to share with you a few of our favorites!! Does the ability to manage your time efficiently mean much in the business world? Use the "Old Fashioned Way"

Transcript: Definition: It is the act or process of planning and exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on a specific activity. Time management may be aided by a range of skills,tools and techniques used to manage time when accomplishing specific tasks,projects and goals and complying with a due date. *respect your time and make it respected* *time management is life management* *thanks for listening* *If you have any questions don't be shy* *Many thanks* *Abu* Main themes of time management Create environment conducive to effectiveness Scheduling. prioritizing. Planning. Allocating. Self monitoring. Organizing. Setting goals. Delegation. Analysis of time spent. Clear headed. Reduce stress and anxiety. Increase self esteem. Feeling of accomplishment. boast the morale. Other possible results could be socially the user will probably have a relaxed life in home without any stress. Prioritize make a list of things to do and number them in order of importance. Schedule set a start and stop point for each activity. Activities need to be done *R-A-C* At the end of the day go through your day planner and highlight any chunks of time that you feel unproductive in it. Pick up your 5 biggest time wasters in your day 1) It will increase: effectiveness. productivity. efficiency. 2) Make en individual punctual and disciplined. 3) Achieve goals and targets in the shortest amount of time possible. Professionally Keep focused on the fact that important things will help you achieve your targets. Be clear about what you want to achieve and what you want you avoid. Urgent and important . Do it now ! Important not urgent . Decide when to do it ! Neither important nor urgent . Dump it ! Urgent not important . Delegate it ! Recording Analyzing Get organized. Protect your time. Recover from bad time habits. Carrying activities around those priorities Changing *Time management* Psychologically Note down everything you do in your day planner as the day progresses. Setting priorities Results: Psychologically. Professionally.

Transcript: Time Management and you PRIORITIES Priorities VS Remove distractions: Procrastination Procrastination Social Media TV It can wait! Organization Organization Planning Planning Make a to do list Weekly goals Media Media Planners Apps for planning Time Management Sources Use what works best for you! Make it a habit Sticking with it
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Tesla stock down as investor day falls short on specifics

- Tesla CEO Elon Musk took the stage to present his "Master Plan Part 3" for the company at its 2023 investor day in Austin, Texas.
- The company's manufacturing leader, Tom Zhu, revealed that Tesla had produced 4 million cars as of Wednesday.
- The presentation was long on vision and a review of prior achievements, but short on specifics about any new Tesla products or services.
In this article

Electric vehicle maker Tesla hosted a 2023 investor day presentation in Austin, Texas, on Wednesday. CEO Elon Musk took the stage to share his "Master Plan 3," and to discuss how Tesla plans to scale up in the face of increasing competition.
The presentation was long on vision, and included a review of prior achievements, but short on specifics about any new Tesla products or services.
Near the beginning of the presentation, Musk said: "There is a clear path to a sustainable-energy Earth. It doesn't require destroying natural habitats. It doesn't require us to be austere and stop using electricity and be in the cold or anything." He added, "In fact, you could support a civilization much bigger than Earth, much more than the 8 billion humans could actually be supported sustainably on Earth."
Musk was initially joined on stage by Drew Baglino, senior vice president of powertrain and energy engineering at Tesla. They discussed a future in which the company would play a role in "re-powering the grid with renewable fuels" as they ramp up battery production, both for Tesla's electric vehicles and for the company's utility-scale energy storage systems.
Tesla's goal is to produce 20 million electric vehicles per year by 2030, executives reiterated. The company reported full-year deliveries of around 1.31 million vehicles in 2022.

During a question-and-answer session following the three-hour presentation, executives fielded a question about how Tesla could grow its market share in China.
Elon Musk passed the question to Tom Zhu, who is heading up global production and has run the China and APAC businesses for Tesla for years. "As long as you offer a product with value at affordable price you don't have to worry about demand," Zhu said. "We try everything to cut costs," he added, "and pass down that value to our customers."
Musk then added, "Demand is a function of affordability not desire." He said, "Even small changes in the price have a big effect on demand."
Zhu also announced that as of Wednesday, Tesla had produced 4 million cars in total.
"It took us 12 years to build the first million, and about 18 months to the second million. The third million, 11 months. Then less than seven months to build the 4 millionth," Zhu said, touting the company's improving operational efficiency.
He said Tesla plans to construct new car and battery cell factories, and also to produce more cars per year at its existing factories.
Tesla charging leader Rebecca Tinucci said that in 2022 the company provided 9 terawatt hours across charging methods, including home charging including 40,000 Superchargers. (By way of comparison, the entire U.S. consumes about 4,000 terawatt hours of electricity per year.) Tinucci also noted that about half of the company's Superchargers in the EU are open to other vehicles, and that the company just opened 10 Superchargers in the U.S. to non-Teslas.
Read more about electric vehicles from CNBC Pro
Here's what every major analyst thought of Tesla's investor day
Top auto analyst Jonas stays bullish on Tesla, says investor day showed competition can't keep up
JPMorgan downgrades electric vehicle stock Nio, says expectations are too high
Tesla design leader Franz von Holzhausen and the company's vice president of vehicle engineering, Lars Moravy, took the stage to show off a number of planned manufacturing changes meant to improve the efficiency of Tesla vehicle production. But von Holzhausen said that Tesla would not yet reveal its "next gen" vehicle.
The company's powertrain vice president, Colin Campbell, said that Tesla's next powertrain factory will be 50% smaller than the one in Austin but will have the same capacity. He also said the company is working on a new kind of drive unit that is compatible with any battery cell type, and a motor that will be built without any rare earth metals.
Ahead of the 2023 investor day, at a news conference on Tuesday, Mexico's president, Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, said Tesla had agreed to build a large factory in Monterrey, Mexico . He said the company agreed to use recycled water and take other initiatives to cope with water scarcity in the region.
Musk confirmed the factory plans on Wednesday, and said production there would supplement, rather than replace, any manufacturing at other Tesla facilities.
Tesla shares have rebounded from declines during 2022, and are up more than 60% for the year so far. However, the stock dropped 1.43% on Wednesday before the event, and 5% after-hours.
Mizuho Securities analysts maintained a buy rating on shares of Tesla ahead of investor day, seeing the company in a leadership position in a growing market for fully electric vehicles. They wrote in a note earlier this week, "Near-term, we see continued strength in TSLA's market share, but see cheaper competitor EVs coming to market as potentially dilutive to TSLA's share of the US EV market."
Currently, the lowest-priced Tesla available is the Model 3 sedan, which starts at a price point of around $43,000, they wrote. Seven models from other automakers are currently priced below that, Mizhuo noted.
Musk's ambitious "Master Plan, Part Deux " was published in 2016, and has not been completely fulfilled. It included four main objectives:
- "Create stunning solar roofs with seamlessly integrated battery storage"
- "Expand the electric vehicle product line to address all major segments"
- "Develop a self-driving capability that is 10X safer than manual via massive fleet learning"
- "Enable your car to make money for you when you aren't using it" .
— CNBC's Michael Bloom contributed to this report.

How to keep to time during your presentation
by Olivia Mitchell | 29 comments

Photo credit: zoutedrop
Do you regularly go over time when you’re delivering a presentation? If a time limit has been set for your presentation, then it’s your responsibility to finish it within that time. Consider it as part of the contract between you and your audience.
Here are some tips to help you keep to time:
1. Decide on your “talking time”
You can’t keep to time unless you know beforehand how long you should be talking. Your “talking time” is different than the total time you’ve been given for your presentation for two reasons:
- You need to allow time for questions. This may be decided by the meeting organizer. If not, as a rule of thumb I would allow 20-25% of your presentation time for questions.
- Generally, live presentations take longer than the rehearsal. This is because of a combination of factors. You might start a couple of minutes late, you might take longer to make a point, and there may be other interruptions that delay you.
So if your presentation time is one hour, your talking time will be 40 minutes (15 minutes for questions and 5 minutes for interruptions and delays).
2. Find out how long it takes to deliver your material
This is a prerequisite to being able to keep to time. If you don’t know long your talk takes how can you hope to meet the time limit. Many presenters are very bad at judging how long it will take to deliver something. Seriously bad. On our courses, we ask participants to prepare a five minute talk. One time, a participant talked for 23 minutes! When we asked how long it was she thought that she had been talking for about seven minutes.
Time yourself early on in your planning process. This will save you time and agony. If you leave timing your presentation till the end of your planning process you’re likely to find that you’ve prepared too much material which will mean you have to edit your presentation . And editing is can be agonizing when you’ve grown attached to your material.
3. Write a timed schedule for your presentation
When you do a final rehearsal , note down the time that each segment takes and then take that information to prepare a timed schedule. So say your presentation started at 3pm your schedule would look like this:
3 pm Opening 3.05 Part 1 3.15 Part 2 3.25 Part 3 3.35 Closing 3.40 Stop talking
That means that during the live presentation, you’ll be able to easily tell whether you’re keeping to time. Note that it’s not enough to know that each part takes 10 minutes. In the presentation itself you won’t have the head space available to calculate whether you’re ahead or behind.
4. Write assertions so that you don’t waffle
Waffling is one of the things that can make a live presentation go longer than the rehearsal. Here’s what can happen: you make your point but the audience looks blank. So you elaborate on it some more, and then some more… and before you know it you’re waffling. The antidote to this is proper planning. During you’re planning, write each point as a full sentence (not a bullet-point) which expresses what you want to get across. You may later reduce this to a keyword or phrase in your notes but you’ll have done the hard thinking required. It’s much better to do your thinking before, rather than during, the presentation. For more on this see How to avoid waffling .
5. Have a clock or timekeeper
You can’t manage your time unless you can see the time. And you can’t rely on every meeting or conference room having a clock. Have a small, but easily readable, travel clock that you can put on the lectern or even in front of you on the stage. Make sure you can read it at a distance without your glasses on. There are remotes that also have a countdown timer and that will buzz you at 5 minutes and 2 minutes before the end of your presentation.
6. Start on time
Many presentations go over time simply because they started late. Lisa Braithwaite recently wrote about this issue in her post: You never have as much time as you want . Often that’s because the presenter or meeting organizer has decided to wait for late-comers. Like Lisa, if I’m in control then I’ll start on time. I don’t see why people who have made the effort to be on time should be penalized by having to wait for people who are late.
You may be concerned that people who are late will miss out on crucial information. So don’t start with crucial material. Instead open with a relevant and engaging story which leads into your first main point. The stragglers will come in while you’re telling your story.
7. Be ready to adapt
Despite all your advance preparations you may still run out of time. The solution is not simply to talk faster! Work out ahead of time what segment you will drop if this should happen. Make a note of the first slide number after the dropped segment. By keying in the number of that slide and then pressing ‘Enter’ you will jump straight to that slide. This is much more professional than clicking through your slides. Your audience need never know that you had to edit on the fly.
Go well with keeping to time in your next presentation! If you have any other tips that have helped you keep to time share them in the comments.
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29 Comments
Excellent post as always. I am going to read further what you’ve written about assertions and waffling (I love these descriptive words, by the way). I’m curious: do you always speak with notes, and do you recommend this? When I do a presentation supported with Keynote or PPT slides, I don’t use notes. I figure if I know my material well, I don’t need them. So far, this method has served me well. (However, I do print out 6 slides per page with the slide numbers, in case I need to flip back to a particular slide, using the method you’ve described.)
I just made your post this week’s compulsory reading for my students 🙂
What I like to do to keep a check on myself is printing out my slide thumbnails all on one page. I make a screenshot from the lightbox view in Keynote or slider sorter view in PPT (which keeps the slide numbers) and then I mark certain slides with the anticipated time in large and friendly red numbers: 10:45 hs. 11:15 hs
As you go along, check real time vs. planned time.
This works really well with longer talks or workshops.
After the talk I can immediately make any corrections necessary and see where I planned poorly or where I can tighten things a bit. It is also a great help for »next time.«
With shorter talks keep a large *analog* antique pocket watch nearby. It is like a large checkered handkerchief: it is so obvious is does not bother anyone. I find I still understand analog watch faces faster than the timer in presenter’s view.
Putting your anticipated times on your screenshot printout is a great idea.
I can relate to your preference for the analog watch. Delivering a presentation is such a full-on activity that everything else should be super-easy for you.
Thanks for your appreciation. I do always have notes within reach. I don’t normally look at them, but every so often I’ll have a mind blank where I go to myself “was there another point I wanted to make here.”. I’ll stop talking, look at my notes, find the point I wanted to make, look up again, find someone to talk to and start talking. I also do what you do with the printout of my slides. I find this useful because it means I can also see what slide is coming next and introduce it, rather than simply clicking and then talking. More about this here . Olivia
I can see how it would be useful to add the notes, in case of brain freeze!
Also, I usually do put time stamps on the slide printouts, so I know how I’m doing for time at major junctures of the presentation (example: when I’m playing an audio clip — so I can check the time while the audience watches). I usually just take off my watch and put it somewhere where I can see it, when there’s no clock in the room.
Great post. Going over the allotted time is annoying to the audience, the organisers and other speakers. I have found for me, if I plan to leave some time slack in my presentation it helps in keeping to time , i.e. if I have 30 minute slot I plan to deliver a 25 minute speech etc. It helps to keep me on time. If I finish early the time can always be utilised – a longer break, questions etc.
Yes, nobody ever minds a presentation ending early!
Good advice, as always – and knowing what to cut in advance is absolutely critical!
You mention a way of skipping slides – for people using Keynote there’s a better way, don’t forget. The menu option allows you to see different slides on your laptop without them showing on your screen and deciding where to go next – if you want to. That way you can edit on the fly with even more dignity and (importantly) the transitions are protected in a way that they’re sometimes not if you do ‘jumping’ in PowerPoint.
I get that Keynote is better in every respect!
I keep using Powerpoint to be the same as 99.98% of my clients.
Thanks for this thorough discussion of staying on time, Olivia! And thanks for the link to my recent post.
My suggestion for keeping track of the time is to use a regular kitchen countdown timer. Because of this: “…you won’t have the head space available to calculate whether you’re ahead or behind…” I find it harder to keep track of my time when looking at a clock, especially if we’ve started late. If I have a countdown timer, I know exactly how much time is left without having to do “clock subtraction” on the fly.
But I do also like to use approximate clock times on my notes, as you mentioned in #3. It does give a general idea of where I should be at a given time.
…..Hi Lisa… at risk of sounding like a stuck record about this… 🙂 “Get a Mac”. Keynote has this kind of function built in!
PS: Do you think Mr Jobs would give me commission? 😉
Haha Simon! Yes, you should get a commission for that.
That’s a great idea if you want to stand in front of your computer the whole time. My timer is usually on a table where I’m also keeping my props, handouts, water, etc., because who knows where the laptop is going to end up!
Good point about the laptop not always being in front of you. I make sure mine is. I take a 50M VGA cable with me in case the event organisers want the laptop to be somewhere near their projector – that way I can pretty much ensure having enough cable to keep everyone happy! 🙂
Mind you, 50M VGA cable isn’t a light thing to carry!
You Apple fanboy :-).
Good point about the countdown time being easier. Given Anke’s point it’s all about finding out what works best for you in the heat of the presentation.
great post! Two comments: 1) 25% for interaction in my opinion is no longer sufficiant. Attendants nowadays want to be involved and strive for a shared outcome, so interaction is key. I would suggest to take at least 50%. The real great speakers shorten their story to the lenght of a teaser and are willing to rely on the fact, that they will be able to deliver the rest of their content in response to questions and discussion. 2) take into account that when you try your speech at home, you might talk faster than on stage. That is because nobody is really listening and you allready know the stuff. I often write text for voice-overs and have to add at least 10% to be on the safe side.
It’s interesting that you suggest devoting 50% of the presentation time to audience interaction. I tend to agree with you for my own presentations, but I know that not everyone is ready for that, so for this particular post I stuck to the more conventional 25%. In other posts, I have encouraged people to consider taking questions throughout their presentation rather than making the audience wait till the end.
Good point to about talking faster and your experience with voice-overs. Of course, some people talk even faster during their live presentation because they just want to get it over and done with! So it can be quite individual.
Important post Olivia – going over time is one of the top annoyances for audiences, and it is so easy to avoid!
It is really important to schedule in time for questions, too. In any type of presentation, this is the point at which you can really understand what your audience wants, and justify your views to them. This opportunity should never be underestimated!
Thanks again for a great post.
Hi Jessica I agree with you about the importance of questions. We should also examine the convention of leaving questions till the end of a presentation. Olivia
Great post, as usual.
Among the technics I am using to respect my time, their is “hierarchical structure” and their is a printout plan of my presentation (most of the time, a mind map.)
On my plan, their is the timing of my presentation, and I am using A big iPod as a timer (their is a stopwatch built in).
This way, it is easy to know where I should be at any given moment and to adjust myself.
I wrote a post about this : How to respect allowed time. I explain what is the “hierarchical structure” technic. http://presentability.com/2010/01/29/how-to-respect-allowed-time/
For the questions: it depends of the situation. You have to be strategic. My preference is to have good interaction with the audience by accepting question anytime. I usually don’t have a dedicated question period at the end.
Denis Francois Gravel
Hi Denis That’s a useful post laying out your method for planning a presentation and keeping to time.
I arrive a little belatedly, but still wanted to thank you for the useful points and comments.
My ideal route is to have a time-keeper; at larger international events I find that the event organisers tend to have someone dedicated to this task; provided that you have timed your presentation reasonably well it shouldn’t be a shock when you get the 15 minute board (or whatever).
One very useful tip that’s related to time-keeping that I learned ten minutes before speaking at an event in Brazil; if you’re being ‘live translated’ you need to know how the translated language compares in terms of word density to your own; Latin languages are about a third longer to say the same thing. Fortunately I was able to adapt my presentation as I went, but it’s not an oversight I’ll ever make again!
On the back of reading your post I went to the App Store and downloaded ‘pClock’ for 59p (I have no affiliation to the product): it gives you a large countdown timer that changes colour at pre-specified timing points (it can also give a vibration or sound reminder too).
As for Keynote, I’ve heard it’s very good but I too use PowerPoint and provided that you don’t let it dictate your presentation format or style it’s a capable tool. It’s undoubtedly tarnished by association with the masses of people who, were they to have had access to it, would have made dreary presentations in Keynote too!
Prezi (www.prezi.com) looks really interesting; if I ever have the time to investigate it I could be tempted to switch to that because I think it could deliver an entirely different experience.
Philip Graves
I am sure that only professional help will solve this issue. For me, for example, examples are very useful, learn this here now https://writinguniverse.com/free-essay-examples/metaphor/ It is very convenient because you can get more information and it leads to new ideas and saves a lot of time.
Hi Philip Thank you very much for adding the benefits of your experience, especially, on the issue of being interpreted. I agree that latin languages use more words, but I wonder whether that actually makes the time longer. My mother is a simultaneous interpreter (English-French) – I’ll ask her. But it doesn’t make sense to me because otherwise the interpreter would constantly be falling behind. And a competent simultaneous interpreter is just that – simultaneous. Olivia
Hi Olivia – a couple of people who’ve had the duty of simultaneously translating me complain that I’m particularly hard to translate live because there is almost no redundancy in my speech and no filler words… they told me they typically use these times to catch up.
(That was into Japanese though, so many things are very different to French or (other?) Latin languages.)
Hello! If you are being interpreted try and talk to the interpreters beforehand. Have a script ready for them (this can be sent days beforehand through the event organiser). Even just a few notes give us a chance to adapt to your vocabulary and mode of thinking. We typically try and follow your trail of thoughts so it helps a great deal.
I would also recommend using less metaphors than usual. But more importantly as already suggested by Simon make a short pause between your sentences and this will give time for interpreters to catch up with you.
Just had a skype call with my mother (Florence above). She added some more useful thoughts.
Don’t slow down your rate of talking, just wait a beat between sentences. Different languages have different ways of ordering words within a sentence, so if you slow down or pause within a sentence, the interpreter may not have enough words to be able to carry on interpreting.
You don’t have to wait for the interpreter to finish interpreting before starting your next sentence. They’re trained to listen and to speak at the same time.
My experience is that unless you have extremely good simultaneous translation (like you get at big international meetings like the UN) you do need to insert a significantly longer pause between sentences – particularly sentences with technical content – than you would normally to let the translation catch up a bit. This is particularly the case if you are speaking English as our bigger vocabulary often makes things easier to say with fewer words. Agree with your translator before hand a signal for “slow down” to make sure she or he isn’t getting swamped by your speed of delivery (it is particualrly important to keep looking for this signal if the translators’ booth isn’t in your normal line of sight) and give them a copy of your slides and any notes so they can check for unfamiliar words or technical vocabulary ahead of time. Provided your audience are using earphones you don’t however need to wait until the translator has finished a sentence before starting the next. If your slides are in the wrong language for some of your audience don’t forget to talk through the slide – “this graphic shows average weekly family spending on xxxx in US dollars on the vertical axis against age of children on the horizontal axis, blue dots mean zzzzzz” and so on.
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- Articles to Achieve my Goals – Juliana COMS 101 E-Portfolio - […] 1. https://speakingaboutpresenting.com/delivery/keep-to-time-presentation/ […]
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Speakers: It's About Time (and How to Manage It)
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- January 22, 2012
Time management is an essential skill for any public speaker. It should be part of any communications skills training course.
I previously wrote a post about why speakers should stay on time when giving a speech or presentation, and how failing to do so is a sign of disrespect. I encouraged speakers to finish on time or, if possible, before their allotted time is up.

In recent months, a few presentations that I attended ran over time (in one case, significantly over time). So I thought that I would revisit the issue of time management. After reflecting on the matter, I have put together the following list of time management tips to help you manage your time when speaking in public.
1. Practice with a timer
This is the best way to know if your material is suitable (time-wise) for the occasion. If you have 30 minutes but find that you can only cover half of your material within that time, you have a problem and need to rethink the presentation. Better to rethink it before the day of the event rather than find yourself in a difficult situation on stage.
2. Have a plan to cut material
Logistics will not always be within your control and your speaking time might be unexpectedly reduced. If you are told, 20 minutes before you begin speaking, that your scheduled one-hour presentation must now be delivered in 45 or even 30 minutes, can you adjust quickly and calmly? You should know which material to cut. If you have a slide presentation, you should also be able to open Slide Sorter (in PowerPoint) or Light Table (in Keynote) and know exactly which slides to skip.
3. Double down
Prepare two versions of your presentation, one long and one short. This way, a quick switch can be made if the situation calls for it. I especially recommend this approach if you have a speech or presentation that you deliver on a regular basis.
4. Prepare a detailed handout
Having a document (not a copy of your slides) that contains all the necessary information about your subject will allow you to focus on what is most important during the presentation. You will not feel compelled to cover every possible point.
Not only will this make for a better presentation, it will make for a shorter one as well. And if, for whatever reason, your speaking time is cut, you can simply state that although you will not be addressing Topics X and Y, they are covered in detail in the handout that you will distribute.
5. Arrive early
Make sure that the room is set up properly and that all necessary equipment is working. Having technical difficulties just before you start is not only stressful, it can also eat into your allotted time.
6. Reconfirm your speaking time
Before starting, it is always a good idea (as well as polite) to reconfirm your speaking time with your host or the event planner.
7. Let the audience know of any time changes
If the previous speakers have run over time and you have to cut your presentation from one hour to 40 minutes, let your audience know that in the interests of time you will keep your remarks to 40 minutes. Doing so will put many members of the audience (who will likely be annoyed at the previous speakers for going over time) at ease, especially if yours is the last presentation before lunch or a break.
Proper time management will also put you in many people’s good books. But be professional about it. Don’t mention that speakers went over time or delays the organizers had in starting the event; the audience will know anyway.

8. Monitor your time during the presentation
You should have a clear idea as to where you should be in the presentation at a couple of key points, especially half time. If you reach the half way point and are behind on time, you will need to think about cutting, which should not be too problematic if you know what to cut (Point 2) and have details on the cut material in your handout (Point 4). For ideas on how to monitor your time, see Point 9.
9. Wear a watch
The room in which you speak might not have a clock on the wall, or the clock might not be easily visible. I recognize that it is not very elegant to be checking your watch on a regular basis while speaking. However, there are a few things that you can do to be more subtle about it.
(a) If you are speaking at a lectern, or have a table to which you will return during the talk (for e xample, to pick up a prop) place your watch on the lectern or table with the face up so that you can quickly check it.
(b) If there is nowhere to place the watch, wear it with the face on the inside of your wrist. Some of the most natural hand gestures are ones in which the palms face upwards. During those gestures, the face of watch will be towards you. You will not have to turn your wrist the other way around to check the time.
(c) Be sure that the sleeve of your shirt/blouse/suit is loose enough that you don’t have to struggle to slide it over the watch. This tends to be more of an issue for men who typically have bulkier watches than women. If that’s the case, consider buying a simple watch with a thin face for your presentations. Alternatively, you can leave the sleeve of your shirt unbuttoned (provided it does not look out of place).
(d) You can also use a smartphone for which there are all kinds of timing applications. A smartphone has the advantage of having a bigger face that is easier to see from a distance. The disadvantage is that a smartphone is bigger than a watch and cannot be worn. Only use a smartphone as a timer if you can place it on a lectern or table. Taking it out of your pocket in front of the audience is cumbersome, noticeable and might give the impression that you are checking your messages.
(e) Another alternative is to have someone at the back of the room signal you at set times during the presentation (half time, 15 minutes left, 5 minutes left, etc.).
10. Allow time for questions
Some speakers encourage the audience members to interrupt with questions at any point during the presentation. This approach is good for demonstrating confidence, being responsive to the concerns of others and building rapport with the members of the audience. However, it can throw off your timing. If you are going to take this approach, be sure to build in some buffer time. If you prefer taking questions at the end, I recommend that you stop your prepared presentation just before the conclusion and entertain the questions. Then, while there is still time left, stop taking questions and finish on a strong note.
11. Invite people to approach you afterwards
If you are running out of time but there are still questions, invite people to continue the conversation with you during the next break. It’s simple, efficient and shows respect for the next speaker.
12. Seek permission to go beyond your allotted time
Sometimes, the audience will want to hear more from you about the subject. If you are one speaker among many at special event, you should not go over time. Instead, continue the conversation at the break (Point 11).
However, if you are the only speaker, the polite thing is to confirm with the organizer and audience whether continuing would be permissible and, if so, for how long. You can do this while on stage. If you do continue, allow those people who only planned for the originally scheduled talk to leave if they must. Once they have left, continue with those who have remained.
Ultimately, good time management is a sign of respect for your audience.
Like this article?
Many amens here, John. I’ll just mention two. Detailed handout (but not a copy of your slides). This is great advice! It’s not about protecting intellectual property–it’s about avoiding the slideument! Slides should support a speech, not be able to replace it. If you try to make the slide show act as a handout, it will wind up with too much detail for effective slides, but not enough detail for an effective handout. Along those same lines: I contend the “out loud” portion of a presentation works best at giving the big picture or setting context, while the handout portion (and, to some degree, the slides) work best for helping the audience master detail. Your advice aimed at controlling time fits that scheme wonderfully. In addition, a tip: there are several apps for an iPad that will display a clock or timer full screen. Change the settings so the screen won’t go dark after a time, prop it up near the edge of the stage (or just lay it flat–don’t step on it, though), and let it run. Easy to see for the speaker, and unobtrusive for the audience. You can do the same with an older laptop that you don’t know what else to use it for. 🙂 http://online-stopwatch.com has a downloadable timer just for such usage.
Many thanks for the comment, Donn. With you all the way on avoiding the dreaded “slideument”. Many thanks also for the tip about the iPad, which is the logical next step up from the iPhone or other smartphone. Funnily enough, I have often used the online stopwatch site you recommend to practice my own speeches and presentations. I should have thought of it for the post, so thanks for calling it out. John
They say great minds think alike. 🙂 I’m finding a lot of my students don’t use that Web site any more because the phone-based timers are so ubiquitous, but that simple little site has a much easier-to-use timer than most of the smart devices. 🙂
Question: If you start late because of an-over run on the agenda, should you still finish on time? Or is the total time the important objective?
It’s tricky but important question, Conor. Thanks for raising the issue. Recognizing that there are no absolutes and that each situation will present is own set of circumstances, here are my thoughts: 1. A key factor will be whether you are the only speaker or one in a series of speakers at an event. 2. If you are the only speaker (and were delayed because, for example, there was a problem with the room or the participants were delayed because of another meeting they were in) I think that you have more flexibility. Nonetheless, I would recommend confirming the time and seeking permission to go beyond the scheduled time (by the clock, not in terms of the duration of your presentation) at the outset. See Points 6 and 12. If you get the go-ahead, terrific; if not, you will have to cut material. See Points 2, 3 and 4. 3. It is a thornier issue if you are one of a series of speakers. My gut reaction is that you should finish on time; otherwise, you are just pushing the problem down the road. Cutting into the next speaker’s time or the break time is never ideal. 4. Here again, though, the situation is not black and white. If you are the main attraction of the event, I think that you will have greater leeway than if you are “one among equals”. Indeed, people might feel cheated if you don’t deliver the goods. 5. If you are going to cut your speech to finish at the scheduled time, see Points 2, 3 and 4 and let the audience know your intention at the outset (Point 7). If you get the go-ahead to speak for your total originally scheduled time, you should also let the audience know, or have the moderator let the audience know. Notwithstanding the above, I think that the sign of a true professional is someone who can adjust to the reduced speaking time without diminishing the impact of the message. You then have the double bonus of delivering a solid presentation and coming in under time. You will definitely make a positive impression on audience and organizers alike. Cheers! John
John, as far as practicing with a timer goes, one important point your readers should understand is the fact that a speaker’s practice time and actual time might differ. Of course, you must factor in the occasional question from the audience (which you address in #10), but also other interruptions like applause (hopefully!). And then there’s the very real possibility that, because of nerves, you’ll actually speak faster during your presentation than you did when practicing. Or, for whatever reason, maybe you speak faster when practicing than when on stage. It all has to be taken into consideration.
All great points, Dave. Thanks for the comment. In an ideal world, we’d get to practice under the exact same conditions as the real presentation. Of course, this is practically impossible just as it’s impossible for a sports team to replicate the championship game before they actually play it. Recognizing that how you practice might not be the same as how it “comes out in the wash” is a very valid point. John
Hi John, Thanks for these tips. I have always found the digital stopwatch software useful, it can be set as per the alloted time before presenting. This gives a visible reminder when the time ends. Another tip that I have picked up from a Productivity Guru is to note down the key slide numbers. When using PowerPoint, you can jump directly to a particular slide by pressing that number on your keyboard, rather than doing a slide forward. That way the audience will not know that you skipped slides, this definitely adds flair to your presentations.
Excellent suggestions, Chitra. Thanks for the insights. Being able to skip slides in a seamless way would certainly be a big plus. I am not a fan of numbering one’s slides on the slides themselves. (I find them distracting and they can result in some audience members keeping count instead of focusing on the message.) Still, there is no reason why a speaker cannot know the key slide numbers for each section of the presentation. And even if one has used a remote to change the slides, I think that any minor departure in having to punch in the number on the keyboard is far outweighed by the benefit of not having to flip through a bunch of slides to get where you want to go. Cheers! John
Thanks again, John. I will also try the #3 suggestion: Prepare two versions of your presentation – long and short. I think it is a good idea to be prepared with a quick and dirty version of the regular presentations.
Hi John, Thanks for these tips. I have found the digital stopwatch software useful, that can be set as per the alloted time as they start presenting. This gives a visible reminder when the time ends. Another tip that I have picked up from a Productivity Guru is to note down the key slide numbers. When using PowerPoint, you can jump directly to a particular slide by pressing that number on your keyboard, rather than doing a slide forward. That way the audience will not know that you skipped slides, this definitely adds flair to presentations. Chitra
This is a very comprehensive evaluation and I am sure it will be well received by anyone who has had to deal with this situation. I am completely with you on this. I will provide a link to this on my blog and share this with my club members. Thanks for putting this together. One question: on the event organiser side of things, what is the best protocol for notifying a speaker that they have significantly gone beyond the allotted time? Do you ever cut them off? If so, how does one do so in a gracious manner? Your input is appreciated.
Hi Paul and thanks very much for the comment. I am glad that you find the post useful and appreciate your sharing the the link on your blog. Be sure to read some of the other comments as others have contributed some great ideas. As to your question: An event organizer or moderator has an obligation to the audience (and other speakers) to ensure that the event stays on schedule. Many people think that letting a speaker go 5 or 10 minutes over time is no big deal; however, if you do this for the first three speakers, then you are already potentially a half hour behind. And then you have to start trimming breaks, adjusting schedules, etc. So the first part of my answer is never let a speaker go over time, especially not significantly over time. Let the speakers know beforehand that you will signal them at certain points to let them know how much time is remaining. If, notwithstanding all your efforts, the speaker reaches the time limit and continues to push forward, then unless it is obvious that he or she is wrapping up and will finish momentarily, you have to cut it off. It might feel uncomfortable and you might think it rude, but the reality is that you are not doing your job as moderator if you don’t stop them. It is easier to stop a speaker if he is in the middle of entertaining questions. After he finishes answering one, jump in and say that unfortunately you have to move and that the speaker can answer more questions at the break. If the speaker is still in his presentation, I would cut in and say something along the lines of “Bob, this is terrific stuff and I’m sure there is more to cover, but we have to keep to schedule so I’m going to stop you here. You can have a minute for concluding remarks if you like.” Something like that, anyway. And then make sure he sticks to that one minute! Hope this is helpful. Cheers! John
Reblogged this on JSZTest .
I couldn’t agree more with disrespect issue you bring up with regards to going over allotted time. I was recently at a conference where the first two speakers overages caused them to bump the last speaker! Can you imagine, after all that work writing and practicing and then not even getting to give the speech? I recently finished a college course on public speaking and ran into similar problems with trying to get my speeches timing right. So I wrote a speech timing app to help me practice. Its totally free. It also sends alerts to your Android Smart Watch (Wear) so you get a little vibration on the wrist letting you know where you are in your speech.
Thanks for the great post!
Thank you for the comment Patrick. What happened at that conference was unacceptable. It was disrespectful to the speaker who did not get to speak and it was disrespectful to the audience that did not get to hear the speaker. The fault lies not only with the two speakers who went overtime, but with the moderators / organizers who did not keep them in line.
Congratulations with your app. I like the feature that links to the watch. Unfortunately, I cannot use it as I have an iPhone, but I have something similar that I often use.
Please help, this is what i get when seeking you speech timing app. – We’re sorry, the requested URL was not found on this server. I do have mac and i phone. How can i get your app? I struggle with sticking to time when public speaking. i do have apple watch.
Hope to hear from you
Thanks Miroslav Australia
Hi Miroslav. I don’t have a speech timer app myself, but if you go on the App Store and search “Speech timer”, you will find several options. Good luck with your presentations!
Thank you for the very helpful tips John. I’d like to add another for those who practice with a stopwatch as you recommended. Break your entire presentation into small chapters or talking points. As you practice each chapter, record how long it takes you present that part. At the end, you will have a time stamp for each chapter. That information can help you determine what to cut or what to cut down if you have create more material than the time allotted for you to speak.
Great tip, Marc! Thanks for sharing it. I explored this issue further in another post called The Short Version , but your advice on knowing the approximate time for each section is something that will be very useful for people. Cheers!
Great tips John. Number 4 about having a detailed handout really resonated with me. For the audience, I think that would go a very long way towards making up for the fact that your time was cut.
Mind you, either having a plan cut out slides at the last minute (tip #2) or making 2 versions of the deck (#3) sound a bit risky. Readers here might not have heard of this alternative: You can prepare in advance by using custom shows to make 2 versions of your presentation but in the 1 file. (That way, there’s no need to have 2 copies of some of your slides, which could easily introduce version discrepancies.)
Thanks, Craig. I don’t see Tips 2 or 3 as being risky.
Tip 2 (knowing what you can cut) requires a mastery of your material, which every speaker should have going into a presentation.
For Tip 3 (two versions of the presentation), if you make a copy of the full slide deck, cut the desired slides and label both decks clearly, there should be no confusion or discrepancies. You then choose the appropriate version before you start once you know your time.
The “speedy” custom slide show function that you cover in your post is interesting, but based on my experience, I would bet that most people would find it technically challenging. We always have to remember that we work with presentations on a daily basis and that what is obvious to us can be confusing to others who only present rarely. In fact, I see having two versions of the presentation (my Tip 3) as a simpler way to achieve the same thing as the speedy custom slide show.
I just imagine many speakers would feel panicked if they tried to cut content from their deck at the last minute, especially as most speakers already feel nervous before a talk. So the risk of deleting the wrong content’s pretty high.
And similarly, in theory having 2 versions of the deck and clearly labelling them shouldn’t be a problem. But of course, people make mistakes – especially when they’re stressed because they have to speak in public! (Plus, if there are any late changes to the content, you have to remember to make them in both versions.)
Still, I take your point about having 2 versions of the deck as being a simpler approach for many people. In the end, I suppose each presenter can choose the approach that suits them best.
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2022 Primary Presentation Script & Outline
- August 1, 2022
- 2022 Music for Singing Time , Program Helps
If you need help putting together and writing a 2022 primary presentation script and outline, you have come to the right place! Below is a simple format that follows Music for Singing Time 2022 Come Follow Me – Old Testament that any primary can implement for their sacrament meeting primary presentation!

I know not every program script will fit with every primary. But hopefully this outline will spark some ideas so you can create a program to your primary’s needs.
Our primary has roughly 25-30 kids so we have enough time for each child to speak a small part at the pulpit (2 sentences or less). The plan is to sing the first verse to the 2 hymns then have the congregation join in on the rest of the hymn verses. Then we will be singing all the verses to all the other primary songs listed.
Help with Words
We learn the songs in singing time throughout the year with the goal to have words memorized. But come program day, I always post the words. I prefer this method over creating little books for everyone to hold. I feel they end up becoming a distraction throughout the program.
Sometimes we have kids show up who rarely come to primary throughout the year. Posting words helps them not feel so left in the dark when it’s time to sing. It also gives kids a boost who are shy and may forget the words once they are up singing.
A final perk about posting the words is I get almost every reading child’s eyes on me when we sing!
So check out how I post the words HERE . And how I do it for the program HERE .

How to Write a Primary Presentation Script
This primary program outline revolves around the songs we learned this year for the presentation. These are the same songs my presidency and I decided to teach in singing time HERE . I began drafting my outline by writing down all our primary songs we’ve learned for the program.
2022 Primary Songs
We’ve been learning The Books in the Old Testament all year long so we will open our presentation with this song. Then these are the rest of the songs we’ve learned each month for the program:
- I Know My Father Lives p. 5
- Follow the Prophet p. 110
- Help Me, Dear Father p. 99
- Redeemer of Israel hymn #6
- I Will Walk with Jesus
- I Will Be Valiant p. 162
- My Redeemer Lives hymn #135
After I had my list of songs, I added a scripture from the Old Testament to coincide.
Old Testament Scriptures
- I Know My Father Lives: Abraham 3:22-23
- Follow the Prophet: Moses 7:18
- Help Me, Dear Father: Moses 6:57
- Redeemer of Israel: Exodus 13:21-22
- I will Walk with Jesus: Isaiah 41:10
- I will Be Valiant: Deuteronomy 31: 6
- My Redeemer Lives: Job 19:25-26
The scriptures may or may not be read in sacrament meeting (depending on time, etc.). They can be read by a 2nd teacher of each class, or by the same teacher, or not at all. If you have an older primary child, they can also read all the scriptures. Lots of options! But they are mainly to help families write talks using help from the scriptures if they like.
I then created a statement to be answered by the primary children that coincides with each primary song. Each class was then assigned a statement that I thought would be the most age appropriate.
Class Parts
- “I know Heavenly Father lives because…” (4/5 year olds)
- “My favorite Old Testament prophet is ________________ because…” (7 year olds)
- “I can forgive and repent every day by…” (8 year olds)
- “My favorite name of the Savior is __________________ because…” (9 year olds)
- “Jesus helps me everyday by…” (Sunbeams)
- “I can be valiant and show courage by …” (6 year olds)
- “I know Jesus Christ is my redeemer because…” (10/11 year olds)
Then I wrote a quick summary for each song. The teachers of each class will be reading these summaries before they help their class with their parts at the microphone:
Premortality refers to our life before we were born on this earth. In our pre-earth life, we lived in the presence of our Heavenly Father as His spirit children. We did not have a physical body.
In this premortal existence, we attended a council with Heavenly Father’s other spirit children. At that council, Heavenly Father presented His great plan of happiness. Find the reference HERE .
God speaks to His people through prophets. There were many prophets who walked the earth before Jesus Christ was born. Through the scriptures, we too can learn from these prophets of old.
We can listen to our prophet [today]. When we follow the prophet, we will be blessed. Throughout our lives, we will have to make choices. When we choose to do what the prophet asks us to do, our choices will guide us back to Father in Heaven.
Find the references HERE and HERE .
After you are baptized and confirmed, you are responsible to choose the right. Because of Jesus Christ’s Atonement, when you do something wrong, you can repent and do better. If someone does something that upsets you, you can forgive them to feel better! Find the reference HERE .
It is important that we learn to love each other. It is the second great commandment. Heavenly Father wants us to love every one of his children, just as he wants us to love each member of our own families. We can show love by helping others understand their eternal worth to Heavenly Father and Jesus Christ. Find the reference HERE .
Christ, as the redeemer of Israel is the person who regained possession of our souls … through his Atonement. Israel represents those who make covenants with God, and as a result, those who will … be brought back to live with God.
Our Redeemer is all that makes us happy, and we turn to him for our blessings. Like Jesus protected Israel in the wilderness for forty years by leading them with a pillar cloud during the day, and gave them light to see by in the night with a pillar of fire, He will also lead us and show us the way. He is only our king and the one.
Find the reference HERE .
You can develop courage to choose the right, even when others around you choose differently. As you make righteous choices day by day in little things, the Lord will strengthen you and help you choose the right at difficult times. You can follow the example of the [prophets]. You can be valiant. You can “stand for truth.” You can “stand for right.” The Lord can depend on you. Find the reference HERE .
Elder Bruce R McConkie’s final testimony stated, “I am one of his witnesses, and in a coming day I shall feel the nail marks in his hands and in his feet and shall wet his feet with my tears.
“But I shall not know any better then, than I know now that he is God’s Almighty Son, that he is our Savior and Redeemer, and that salvation comes in and through his atoning blood and in no other way.” Find reference HERE .
Once I put everything in order, that became the premise to my outline!

How To Edit
This outline is available in my Resource Library for you to save, then edit as a Google Docs document. IMPORTANT: You will not be able to edit until you go to “file” and “make a copy.” Once saved on your own file system, you can edit it.
Please do not “Request Access to Edit” (the blue button at the top). If I give access to everyone, the version I originally created would be different each time someone else opens the document.
Access my printables at my Resource Library. Instructions for accessing my Resource Library are found at the bottom of this post.
Program Parts
Once the outline is written, next comes assigning parts. So I created these pages (there are 6 different pages for each part, available in my Resource Library):

Again, these files are saved as Google Docs so make a copy so you can edit your own.
Cut them in half and pass them out to teachers to give to parents (or have the presidency do it – but I like to involve teachers!). To be returned either the following Sunday, or have families take a picture of it and text it back to teachers or a member of the primary presidency.
Once all the parts are received, insert them into your outline. Voila! Program finished!
Questions and Answers
When should the primary presentation be scheduled?
- The directive for the primary presentation is to be at the end of the year (find more details HERE )
- Work with your primary presidency and bishopric to schedule a date for the presentation
What do I do if I have a big primary?
- Have each child pass a microphone down the line so they don’t have to take time getting up to the pulpit
- Have everyone give one-word answers
- Break up your program into 2 or even 3 different programs given on different Sundays
- Cut back on the amount of songs/verses you sing
- Assign some children singing parts and others speaking parts
What do I do if I have a small primary?
- Give children multiple speaking parts
- Involve families to contribute talks and to help singing
- Invite teachers and the primary presidency to speak and sing
- Give the opportunity for children to sing solos or duets
- Only fill a portion of the meeting
What about primary children who don’t want to participate?
- Never force children to participate
- Give opportunities for children to use the microphone and sing in the chapel
- Offer a small reward after the presentation is over
What other questions do you have? Leave a comment and I’ll try to answer them here!
Don’t be afraid to discuss options and ideas with your bishopric or stake primary presidency.
Go to the Source
To find more help with primary programs, I suggest brushing up on what the church handbook states HERE . Scroll down to 12.2.1.2. It states:
… The annual children’s sacrament meeting presentation is held during the last few months of the year. The children present what they have learned at home and at church during the year. They help the congregation focus on Heavenly Father, the Savior, and Their teachings. The Primary presidency and music leader prayerfully plan the presentation. The bishopric gives direction. Children may sing, give talks, and share stories, scriptures, or testimonies. The presentation may take all or part of the meeting time after the sacrament. Units with few children may invite children’s family members to participate. Because of the sacredness of sacrament meeting, the presentation should not include visuals, costumes, or media presentations.
For more primary presentation tips, tricks and helps, scroll through my posts HERE .

Check out this quick tutorial video for accessing the Resource Library:
These printables are filed on my Resource Library page under Category Title > Primary Program Outline > 2021.
Make singing time easy!
Get it to go.
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8 thoughts on “2022 Primary Presentation Script & Outline”

Camille, you rock!
Aw-shucks … so happy to help! Thanks for making me smile!!
Camila não consigo baixar o esboço pode me ajudar?
In order to edit the document (including downloading), you must go to “file” and “make a copy.” Save a copy in your own file system then edit your copy. I hope that helps.
Just another idea – we used this last year. We recorded kids who weren’t going to be there the day of but wanted to participate or who were scared to talk in front of the congregation and we had them all do there parts recorded during the program.
Hi Melissa!
Thanks for sharing – that’s a great idea for involving everyone!!
Camille, Thank you for these wonderful ideas. This really helped me a lot in serving as the Ward Primary President. Please continue doing this great work.
Thank you for your kind comment, I really appreciate the positive feedback and hope to continue helping primaries :).
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Be prepared in singing time for the entire month – every month! And all you have to do is print!
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I’m Trying to Be Like Jesus Singing Time Ideas
When the church publishes an activity for teaching I’m Trying to Be Like Jesus, you know you can’t go wrong! Use it with a variation that involves finger lights and this activity will definitely become a memorable one! I’ve also linked several other ideas for teaching this classic primary song in singing time as well!

I Can Play It – Tell Me the Stories of Jesus
The March 2023 Friend magazine features Tell Me the Stories of Jesus in the I Can Play It series. There are SO many uses for these simplified arrangements! Make sure you utilize them in your primary!

He Sent His Son Singing Time Ideas
Check out these singing time ideas for teaching He Sent His Son in singing time! There’s bound to be something to accommodate your primary’s learning style and needs!
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5 Steps To Keep Your Presentation Within Time It's really not that hard to finish your presentation on time. Just follow these five simple steps: #1 — Know Your Allowed Time Have you ever heard a speaker walking away from a venue muttering: "I thought I had longer"?
Experts recommend up to 2 minutes per slide, but depending on how the presentation is flowing, spending more than 2 minutes per slide is possible. As a speaker, you will also need skills to engage your audience during a presentation and set time for questions and answers.
Telling Time 1. 2. Analogue Clock The numbers round the clock face are hours. This is an analogue clock face. There are 12 hours marked on the clock. 2. 3. Telling the time The lines around the edge are minutes. There are 60 minutes marked on the clock. This is because there are 60 minutes in 1 hour. 3.
For people who work a normal shift, that is, 8am to 5pm, 10am is a great time for presentations. However, if your audience mainly works on the night shift, then obviously, 10am is a bad idea. The point is that you need to choose a time that will work best with your audience. For regular folks, that usually falls around the 10am mark.
Time Management Presentation Archana Kulshrestha • 197.8k views Time management ppt Uzma Batool • 828.9k views Time For Website Presentation guest7ff0ac • 984 views Time Management For College Students Bulldog Academic Resource Connection • 88.2k views PRESENTATION FOR FOOTBALL, CULTURE & FICTION CONFERENCE MAY 2014 MANCHESTER M... PAUL BREEN •
Here are some common signs people can experience during presentations: Evasive body language: Not making eye contact with the audience, arms closed tightly to the body, hands in pockets all the time. Lack of interest in the presenter's voice: dull tone, not putting an effort to articulate the topics. Doubting when asked to answer a question
The first is using a built-in PowerPoint function that allows you to unobtrusively show the time and date in the presentation. This method isn't a live method and only updates the time/date once you switch slides during the presentation. It's mostly handy if you want to keep an eye on the time.
Time Management Presentation Time Management is a systematic process of organizing and planning how to divide your time into different activities. It is important in any project management because it determines the project completion time and scope. Time Management can help individual to accomplish their tasks effectively and efficiently.
Presentation on Time Management_1 - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. Scribd is the world's largest social reading and publishing site.
After considering the benefits of time management, let's look at some ways to manage time effectively: 1. Set goals correctly. Set goals that are achievable and measurable. Use the SMART method when setting goals. In essence, make sure the goals you set are S pecific, M easurable, A ttainable, R elevant, and T imely. 2.
2. Research your topic and know it inside and out. When the time comes to present your presentation, you need to feel confident in yourself and your abilities in order to win your crowd's trust. One way you can achieve this is by knowing all the ins and outs of your topic.
If your presentation is already open in PowerPoint for Windows or Mac, go to the file and select Present in Teams. If you're in PowerPoint for the web, select Present > Present in Teams. Your slides will appear in the Teams meeting, with your Notes next to them. Navigate through the slides
This time management PowerPoint... If you are looking for a PowerPoint template to create a presentation on time management then this is the best slide for you.
Tell them what you're going to tell them. ( This is your introduction.) Tell them. ( These are your 2-3 main points.) Tell them what you told them. ( This is your conclusion that drives home ...
Create a presentation. Open PowerPoint. In the left pane, select New. Select an option: To create a presentation from scratch, select Blank Presentation. To use a prepared design, select one of the templates. To see tips for using PowerPoint, select Take a Tour, and then select Create, .
The presentation date starts drawing closer. The first rehearsal reveals gaps in the presentation's arguments. It lacks the flow that will engage the client from the outset. Slide quality varies greatly, and the overall visual appearance leaves a lot to be desired too. Time is running out, and the pressure is mounting.
Learn when to say "NO" • You can't do everything • Don't undertake things you can't complete • Remain consistent to your goals. 4. Use your waiting time • On public transportation • At the doctor's office • Waiting for your plane • On hold • When you are early. 5. Concentrate on the task at hand • Focus on your goal.
The time difference between these two cues is up to you, but most speakers find at least a five-minute warning to wrap up their ideas very helpful. 5. Get up on the stage. In the worst case scenario, a speaker will ignore the timeframes, ignore the signals, and keep talking well past the "safe-zone" (added extra time) of their presentation ...
Time management presentation . Transcript: Definition: It is the act or process of planning and exercising conscious control over the amount of time spent on a specific activity. Time management may be aided by a range of skills,tools and techniques used to manage time when accomplishing specific tasks,projects and goals and complying with a ...
Electric vehicle maker Tesla hosted a 2023 investor day presentation in Austin, Texas, on Wednesday. CEO Elon Musk took the stage to share his "Master Plan 3," and to discuss how Tesla plans to ...
So if your presentation time is one hour, your talking time will be 40 minutes (15 minutes for questions and 5 minutes for interruptions and delays). 2. Find out how long it takes to deliver your material This is a prerequisite to being able to keep to time. If you don't know long your talk takes how can you hope to meet the time limit.
Use Google Slides to create online slideshows. Make beautiful presentations together with secure sharing in real-time and from any device.
How your phone number or email address is used. Microsoft will use your phone number or email address only for this one-time transaction. Standard SMS rates may apply. Now you can easily insert 3D objects and embedded animations directly into PowerPoint decks from your own files or a library of ...
Time management is an essential skill for any public speaker. It should be part of any communications skills training course. I previously wrote a post about why speakers should stay on time when giving a speech or presentation, and how failing to do so is a sign of disrespect. I encouraged speakers to finish on time or, if possible, before their allotted time is up.
2022 Primary Presentation Script & Outline. If you need help putting together and writing a 2022 primary presentation script and outline, you have come to the right place! Below is a simple format that follows Music for Singing Time 2022 Come Follow Me - Old Testament that any primary can implement for their sacrament meeting primary ...
View history. 2023 transport strike in the Philippines. Part of protests against the Public Utility Vehicle Modernization Program. Date. March 6, 2023 - March 12, 2023 [a] Location. Philippines. Caused by. Government's plan to phaseout jeepneys over 15 years old, directive for operators to form cooperatives.