simple circuit presentation

Electricity

What is an electrical circuit?

An electrical circuit is a path or line through which an electrical current flows. The path may be closed (joined at both ends), making it a loop. A closed-circuit makes electrical current flow possible. It may also be an open circuit, where the flow of electrons is cut because the path is broken. An open circuit does not allow electrical current to flow.

Below is a basic set of symbols that you may find on circuit diagrams.

Note the parts of a simple circuit and the symbols that relate to them. A simple circuit has conductors, a switch, a load, and a power source. Here are the functions of each part:

Conductors: These are usually copper wires with no insulation. They make the path through which the electricity flows. One piece of the wire connects the current from the power source (cell) to the load. The other piece connects the load back to the power source.

Switch: The switch is simply a small gap in the conductor where you can close or open the circuit. When the switch is closed the circuit is closed, and electricity flows.

The Load: The load is a small light bulb or buzzer that lights when the circuit is turned on. The load is also known as a resistor.

Cell: The power source is a cell. (More than one cell put together is known as a battery)

There are two types of circuits, namely Series Circuit and Parallel Circuit.

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Simple Circuits

Simple Circuits. A simple circuit contains the minimum things needed to have a functioning electric circuit. A simple circuit requires three things: voltage source conductive path resistor electrical device to use the energy. Simple Circuits. Some review:

Presentation Transcript

Simple Circuits • A simple circuit contains the minimum things needed to have a functioning electric circuit. A simple circuit requires three things: • voltage source • conductive path • resistor • electrical device to use the energy

Simple Circuits • Some review: • The charges are positive so this is Conventional Current. • The charges are only flowing in one direction so this would be considered direct current ( D.C. ).

Simple Circuits - Energy • In this animation you should notice the following things: • The battery or source is represented by an escalator which raises charges to a higher level of energy. • As the charges move through the resistor (represented by the paddle wheel) they do work on the resistor and as a result, they lose energy. • By the time each charge makes it back to the battery, it has lost all the energy given to it by the battery. This demonstrates that a charge can only do as much work as was done on it by the battery. The wires are ignored in terms of energy loss.

Series and Parallel Circuits • What is the difference between a series circuit… • and a parallel circuit?

Series Circuit • A series circuit has more than one resistor and gets its name from only having one path for the charges to move along. • Charges must move in "series" first going to one resistor then the next. • If one of the items in the circuit is broken then no charge will move through the circuit because there is only one path.

Series Circuits • The following rules apply to a series circuit: • The sum of the potential drops equals the potential rise of the source. • The current is the same everywhere in the series circuit. • The total resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of the individual resistances.

For the circuit shown, determine (a) the equivalent resistance, (b) the currents through each resistor, and (c) the voltage drops across each resistor. Problem #1

Parallel Circuits • A parallel circuit has more than one resistor (and gets its name from having multiple (parallel) paths to move along. • Charges can move through any of several paths. • If one of the items in the circuit is broken then no charge will move through that path, but other paths will continue to have charges flow through them. • Parallel circuits are found in most household electrical wiring.

Parallel Circuits • The following rules apply to a parallel circuit: • The potential drops of each branch equals the potential rise of the source. • The total current is equal to the sum of the currents in the branches. • The inverse of the total resistance of the circuit is equal to the sum of the inverses of the individual resistances.

For the circuit shown, determine (a) the equivalent resistance, (b) the currents through each resistor, and (c) the voltage drops across each resistor. Problem #2

Create a Simple Circuit Science Projects (10 results)

Connect an electric circuit and experiment with how to improve it. Create a neat tool, like a lightbulb, electromagnet that picks up paperclips, or even a radio that can receive real radio stations.

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Simple Circuits. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Simple Circuits.

Thus,the characteristic of the series connection is easily obtained graphically; ... Kirchoff's laws, the parallel connection has a characteristic described by ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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The Ohio State University

Simple Circuits, LEDs, and Paper Circuit Design Challenges

By: Meghan Thoreau , OSU Extension Educator, Community Development & STEM, Pickaway County

Simple Circuits with Meghan Thoreau, OSU Extension Educator, and Judy Walley, Teays Valley Chemistry Teacher. Full presentation link: go.osu.edu/simplecircuits

Why Understanding Simple Circuits is Important?

Basic circuit knowledge is important for many different disciplines, engineering, physics, chemistry, and mathematics. It’s also useful knowledge around this time of year when you may need to repair a string of old holiday lights ? Understanding and building simple circuits show us important concepts learned in school that can describe useful real-world systems, like devices we use every day, cell phones, light switches, Chromebooks, cars, etc.

The electric charge that flows through your house is called your electric circuits. This carries useful energy through your house that you can transform into other forms of energy to do various tasks. The US standard household circuit has an effective voltage that takes 120-volts. Volts represent the energy per unit charge. We discussed these basic building blocks of simple circuits in STEM Club this month. Our hands-on simple circuit design challenge uses 3-volt lithium batteries. Before jumping into our design challenges we’ll cover a few basic circuitry concepts and energy principles.

For program presentation, click here .

Conservation of Energy, First Law of Thermodynamics

The conservation of energy principle was discovered and published by Julius Robert von Mayer in 1842. Mayer was a German physician , chemist , and physicist and one of the founders of thermodynamics . However, there were many others working in the field that made significant contributions, such as, James Prescott Joule , Hermann von Helmholtz , Alessandro Volta , and Benjamin Thomson .

The principle of conservation of energy is an effective tool in solving problems and understanding how different forms of energy directly impact our lives. There are also benefits to this principle. These include recycling of materials, lower energy costs for consumers, less pollution due to a reduction in the use of fossil fuels, and less harm to animals and the environment. We watched a short video, from Two Minute Classroom, that explained the basic concepts of how energy transforms itself into other forms and never truly disappears or is destroyed.

Below are 10 common types of energy:

Image source: https://www.thoughtco.com/main-energy-forms-and-examples-609254

Atoms and Electrons

Judy Walley led students through the basic concepts of atoms and electrons, because, without the flow of electrons, we have no electric circuit to work with.

Screenshot of our recorded club meeting where Judy Walley explains the basic concepts of atoms and electrons.

Walley also explained the chemistry of a battery and how chemical reactions occur inside the battery that causes an imbalance or a build-up of electrons (-) on one side of the battery over the other, hence why one side or one terminal of the battery is negative (-) and the other positive (+). We also introduced the basic materials for our hands-on design challenges and explain how a battery works.

Screenshot from our virtual simple circuit presentation.

How a Battery Works

Batteries are important to everyday life. Batteries are essential to most electrical devices. They exist in our cars, cell phones, laptops, and other electronic appliances, and serve as critical backup sources of electricity in telecommunications, public transportation, and medical devices. A battery is essentially a container full of chemicals that produce electrons (-). Inside the battery itself, a chemical reaction produces the electrons.

The battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it to electrical energy. The chemical reactions in a battery involve the flow of electrons from one material ( electrode ) to another, through an external circuit. The flow of electrons provides an electric current that can be used to do work. In our case, students use copper tape to build a paper circuit to create light energy with an LED. Below depicts the inner wors of a battery.

Screenshot of how a battery works from our virtual simple circuit presentation.

The students learned that a battery has three main parts : an anode (-) , a cathode (+) , and the electrolyte that separates the two terminal ends on the battery. We discussed the chemical reaction happening inside the battery that causes electrons (-) to buildup on one side of the battery causing one end to be negatively charged (-) and the other end positively charged (+). This buildup causes an imbalance of electrons (-), that want to travel to the other side of the battery, but can’t move freely until a conductive circuit is completely looped for the electrons to travel through; in our case, the conduit is copper tape.

When a circuit is complete, or a loop created, the electrons will flow through the conductive paths racing to reach the other side of the battery terminal. When the electrons flow through the loop, the chemical energy inside the battery is transformed into electrical energy running through the circuit. When all electrons (-) make it to the other side, the battery stops working. All of the electric energy was transformed into other forms of energy.

Electrical energy allows us to do work by transforming energy into other forms. We use LEDs in our paper circuit design challenge because it’s a simple way to show how electric energy is transformed or converted into light energy. We could replace the LED with a simple motor and the motor would convert electrical energy into kinetic.

Screenshot of simple circuit components and electricity concepts from our virtual simple circuit presentation.

What’s a Diode?

Both LEDs and motors can easily be added to simple circuits. However, LEDs are somewhat more restrictive than motors, because LEDs are diodes. A diode only allows current to flow in one direction. From the cathode (-) leg of the LED through the anode (+) leg. Note that the anode on a battery is negatively charged, but the anode on an LED is positively charged! The correct way to connect an LED legs to the battery terminals is positive to positive/anode to cathode and negative to negative/ cathode to anode. Study the image above if this is confusing. If the LED or battery are flipped in the wrong configuration then no current or electrons flow through the LED because the diode only allows for current to flow in one direction.

Image source: https://diotlabs.daraghbyrne.me/docs/controlling-outputs-motors/diodes/

A motor does not have a diode, therefore current can flow in either direction, and depending on how the motor is connected to the battery will decide what direction the motor turns left/right, or moves forwards/backward.

Image source: https://www.robotroom.com/DPDT-Bidirectional-Motor-Switch.html

Electric Circuit Design Challenges

As a virtual group, we challenged ourselves with a few NearPod activities to reinforce our electricity concepts before beginning our hands-on paper circuit challenges. A paper circuit is a functioning electronic circuit built on a paper surface instead of a printed circuit board (PCB). Projects can range from greeting cards to origami, to traditional art such as paintings or drawings. STEM totes went home with the students and included paper circuit design challenges and supplies.

Supply List

Other useful items: multicolor/print card stock, glue stick, scissors, pencils, markers

We went through two paper circuit-build challenges with an independent bonus design challenge. The first design is depicted below. It had a basic road map for us to follow, which we added labels to ensure our understanding of which direction the electrons were flowing and which direction the current was flowing as well as how to position and connect the battery and LED to the circuit correctly.

Once you start learning the basics of paper circuit design you can explore more crafty designs to create circuit cards for all occasions and topics. A few ideas shared at our club meeting:

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Teach Starter Teach Starter

Electricity and circuits – instructional slide deck.

Use our editable instructional slide deck to break down the fundamentals of electricity and circuits for your students.

Download electricity slides ready-made for your classroom! In this science class teaching presentation, you will guide your students in understanding the elements of energy found in electricity and circuits.

You know that helplessness you feel when the power goes out?

Ironically, it’s both the literal and figurative powerlessness that makes us realize how often we take electricity for granted.

No lights. No refrigeration. No heat or air conditioning. No hot water.

No comfort.

And if widespread enough, there’s no telling how long it will be before it’s fixed.

That’s because powering up gadgets that use electricity might seem as easy as flipping a switch. But in reality, electrical circuits are an intricate system of electrons and conductors working harmoniously to sustain our modern world.

How to Use Electricity and Circuits Lesson with Your Students

This instructional slide deck was designed for a classroom setting to introduce and discuss the concepts of:

Specifically, by looking at examples of electrical energy, students will walk away from this lesson with the ability to:

Students can use this presentation as a reference or guide when working on any activity or classwork where students are working to identify the parts used in an electric circuit. For example:

How Do Circuits Work? Worksheet

Parts of a Circuit Worksheet

What Is Conduction? Presentation

More Ways to Make Explaining Circuits a Blast with Your Students

Take this presentation even further with more activities to solidify learning about electricity and circuits.

Pre-Lesson Activity

Students can be assigned this instructional slide deck as independent reading, either at home or prior to starting the lesson together as a group. Ask students to provide examples of each of the vocabulary words to assess their understanding.

Turn & Talk

Ask students to write questions on a sticky note as the resource is presented, then put students into groups of 3 or 4 to help each other answer the questions on their sticky notes.

Be the Teacher

As a post-lesson activity, ask students what they would put on a quiz if they were the teacher. Ask students to write their own 5-question quiz using the information in the presentation. Then have them trade papers with another student to take the quiz.

Preparing This Resource for Your Students

Project this presentation on your smartboard or other projection devices.

Before You Download

Use the drop-down icon on the Download button to choose between the PowerPoint or Google Slides version of this resource.

This resource was created by Gaby Perez, a teacher in Texas and a Teach Starter Collaborator.

Looking for a way to keep your students engaged throughout the presentation? Download the electricity and circuits guided notes that go along with this PowerPoint, or explore more science resources created by teachers for your classroom!

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Understanding insulators – teaching presentation.

Teach your students about electrical and thermal insulators with this teaching presentation.

Forms of Energy – Worksheet

Identify different forms of energy with this cut and paste worksheet.

Thermal Energy Movement PowerPoint Presentation

Explore thermal energy, the movement of particles, and the effect on the state of matter with your students using this guided teaching presentation.

Science 4.6(C)

Demonstrate that electricity travels in a closed path, creating an electrical circuit; and

Science 5.6(A)

Explore the uses of energy, including mechanical, light, thermal, electrical, and sound energy;

Science 5.6(B)

Demonstrate that the flow of electricity in closed circuits can produce light, heat, or sound;

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Forms of Energy – Poster Pack

Differentiate between different forms of energy by displaying this poster pack in your classroom.

Energy and Electricity – Vocabulary Cards

Reinforce science vocabulary in your classroom with this set of word wall cards that focus on forms of energy and electricity.

Energy and Electricity Crossword Puzzle

Reinforce science vocabulary with an energy and electricity crossword puzzle.

Forms of Energy & Electricity – Vocabulary Worksheets

Review forms of energy and electricity terms with this science vocabulary worksheet pack.

Circuits Bulletin Board Display

Create a bulletin board displaying different types of circuits and related vocabulary.

Insulators & Conductors Sorting Activity

Distinguish between insulators and conductors with a picture-based sorting activity.

Electricity and Circuits Guided Notes

A set of guided notes to use when teaching about electricity and circuits.

Insulators and Conductors Worksheet

Use this insulators and conductors worksheet with your students to practice identifying the characteristics of thermal and electrical energy.

Go to Parts of a Circuit Worksheet teaching resource

With this worksheet, students will identify and label the 4 parts of a simple circuit and their functions.

How Do Circuits Work? - Worksheet

In this simple circuit activity, students will diagram complete and incomplete circuits and explain their function.

Simple circuits

Constructing a simple circuit.

An electrical circuit is a group of components that are connected together, typically using wires. The wires are typically copper metal, which is highly conductive, coated with insulating plastic, to prevent electric shocks. The circuit must be continuous (i.e. have no breaks) to allow electricity to flow through the components and back to its source, such as a battery. Switches make a gap in the circuit to stop electricity flowing when they are open. The components included in an electric circuit could range from motors, light sources and buzzers to programmable integrated circuits.

This could be used in at Key Stage 2 as an engaging stand-alone activity to introduce circuits, as an introduction to a design and make project (such as the doorbell activity) or as an extension to add a powered element to another design and make activity (such as adding a motor to the ‘cardboard cars’ activity).

Activity info, teachers' notes and curriculum links

In this activity, pupils assemble a simple electric circuit. This develops understanding of how electric circuits function.

The activity sheet includes teachers' notes, useful web links, and links (where appropriate) to the national curriculum in each of the four devolved nations; England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Download the free activity sheet below!

And please do share your classroom learning highlights with us @IETeducation

All activity sheets and supporting resources are free to download, and all the documents are fully editable, so you can tailor them to your students' and your schools' needs.

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IMAGES

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3d Circuit In Blue Color Design Stock Photo
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Simple circuit diagram done in PPT by Ayaz Raina National ICT awardee
A Simple Circuit
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VIDEO

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COMMENTS

18 Science Lessons to Teach Circuits
In the Make a Paper Circuit activity, students explore introductory circuits using copper tape (or aluminum foil), a coin cell battery, and LEDs. These simple circuits help students understand (and visualize) how a circuit provides a closed path for electricity to travel. How to Make Paper Circuits 3. Electric Play Dough
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An open circuit does not allow electrical current to flow. Below is a basic set of symbols that you may find on circuit diagrams. Schematic diagram of a simple circuit. Note the parts of a simple circuit and the symbols that relate to them. A simple circuit has conductors, a switch, a load, and a power source. Here are the functions of each part:
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168 Views Download Presentation. Simple Circuits. Series and Parallel Circuits. Learning Intentions. Understand the role of the energy source in a circuit. Understand how electricity flows through a circuit Be able to construct series and parallel circuits Understand what current and voltage is. Uploaded on Oct 13, 2014.
PPT
Presentation Transcript. Simple Circuits • A simple circuit contains the minimum things needed to have a functioning electric circuit. A simple circuit requires three things: • voltage source • conductive path • resistor • electrical device to use the energy. Simple Circuits • Some review: • The charges are positive so this is ...
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Create a Simple Circuit Science Projects (10 results) Create a Simple Circuit Science Projects. (10 results) Connect an electric circuit and experiment with how to improve it. Create a neat tool, like a lightbulb, electromagnet that picks up paperclips, or even a radio that can receive real radio stations. Featured.
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Simple Circuits LaDawn Partlow, M.E.N. J. 'Kemi Ladeji‐Osias, Ph.D. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Morgan State University & Verizon Innovative Learning Program for Minority Males @ Morgan State University Today's activities •Introduce simple circuits using an online design tool from Autodesk ...
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Simple Circuits Section 23.1 Series Circuits Each student knows that the brightness of a lamp depends on the current through it. The first student predicts that only the lamp close to the positive () terminal of the battery will light because all the current will be used up as thermal and light energy.
Intro Lab
Familiarize yourself with the normal voltages in a functioning circuit. Step 4: Now, break the circuit at one point and re-measure the voltage between the same sets of points from Step 3. Also, measure the voltage across the break, as shown in Figure 7. Figure 7. Measure the voltage across the break in the circuit.
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A Simple Chaotic Circuit - A Simple Chaotic Circuit Ken Kiers and Dory Schmidt Physics Department, Taylor University, 236 West Reade Ave., Upland, Indiana 46989 J.C. Sprott | PowerPoint PPT presentation | free to view
Simple Circuits, LEDs, and Paper Circuit Design Challenges
Understanding and building simple circuits show us important concepts learned in school that can describe useful real-world systems, like devices we use every day, cell phones, light switches, Chromebooks, cars, etc. The electric charge that flows through your house is called your electric circuits.
Electricity and Circuits
How to Use Electricity and Circuits Lesson with Your Students. This instructional slide deck was designed for a classroom setting to introduce and discuss the concepts of: Specifically, by looking at examples of electrical energy, students will walk away from this lesson with the ability to: Students can use this presentation as a reference or ...
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KS4 Electricity - Simple Circuits A slide contains teacher's notes wherever this icon is displayed - To access these notes go to 'Notes Page View' (PowerPoint 97) or 'Normal View' (PowerPoint 2000). ... Simple Circuits PowerPoint Presentation Circuit symbols Use a textbook or other resource to fill in the table below: Use a textbook ...
Simple circuits
Constructing a simple circuit. An electrical circuit is a group of components that are connected together, typically using wires. The wires are typically copper metal, which is highly conductive, coated with insulating plastic, to prevent electric shocks. The circuit must be continuous (i.e. have no breaks) to allow electricity to flow through ...